*ánd^hi

The forms are attested in two duplicate song incipits from tablets of the Ištanuwa festival.

[E.R.]

Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv. – Starke’s (Starke 1985b:331 and 341) readings ḫal^!-ti- and ḫạl[-d]a- were accepted in CLL:49 only with hesitation, but the noun ḫalt(i)- ‘call, appeal (?)’, which Melchert posited on this weak basis, entered several handbooks (HHw:37, EDHIL:277, Sasseville 2021a:438). It turned out to be ghost-word. – The reading -[t]e- instead of -[d]a- was suggested later by Starke 1990a:604.

[E.R.]

The song incipit duššaniyallaš=mi ayattar pāyu anti=mi=tta duwanta wāšu paddu (composed from both occurrences at KBo 4.11 rev. 54f. and KBo 30.167 iii 8’-10’) consists of two sentences, the second one beginning with anti=mi and the Wackernagel particle =tta. CLuw. anti correlates with the Lycian adverb ẽti (see below). Its construction in anti=mi and its meaning are parallel to Hitt. katta ‘down, under’ and katti=mi ‘(along) with me, towards me’ (for the latter, see HED K:129; nu=war=aš katti=ti uit “he came to you” KUB 14.1 rev. 60). Thus, the context of anti=mi=tta can be translated as “the duššaniyalla-official shall give me the act. He shall move nicely towards me duwanta”, based on Sasseville 2021a:354, 410 and under the lemma of āyattar/n-; still agnostic Simon under the lemma of pa-; both with references) and modified in accordance with the new analysis just presented.

[E.R.]

For the analysis as an adverb ending in -i and governing a possessive pronoun, see under Meaning.

[E.R.]

The adposition ẽti is well attested across the Lycian corpus.

[D.S.]

Pace Carruba 1979b:83, Lyc. A ete/i- is a different word (see under lemma).

[D.S.]

The adposition ẽti is used in two ways, i.e. as a preposition (e.g. ẽti uhi ‘within a year’, ẽti zehi ‘within a day’, [ẽ]ti xñtawata ‘under the reign of…’, ẽti pddãt[i] ‘within a place’, ẽti sttali ‘on a stele’) and as a preverb (e.g. ẽti… sijẽni ‘he is lying down…’, me=p(e)=ẽti=hãxxati ‘…’). Thomsen 1899a:24 deduces rightly that ẽti should be the derivational base of Lyc. ẽtre/i- ‘lower’ and thus assumes a sense comparable to Greek κατά ‘down, under’, which allows him to provide a better understanding of the phrase ẽti… sijẽni ‘(the grave owner) is lying down’ attested in some funerary inscriptions. Laroche 1967a:62 follows Thomsen 1899a’s interpretation and adds the meaning ‘near’ in analogy of Hitt. katta ‘down’ and katti=mi ‘near me’. This now receives further confirmation from CLuw. anti=mi ‘near me, at my side’ (see above).

Concerning the prepositional use of ẽti, the publication of the Letoon trilingual inscription brought additional clarity to the matter, as it renders Lyc. ẽti sttali with Gk. ἐν τῇ στήλῃ ‘in/on the stele’. This confirmed the prepositional use of ẽti with the dat./loc., which had been suspected in the older literature based on more obscure passages. Thus, Laroche 1979c adds the meanings ‘on, for’ to Lyc. ẽti. Gusmani 1979c provides a larger analysis including more contexts and concludes that ẽti can mean ‘(with)in, at’. Melchert (DLL:21) accepts the meaning ‘down’ for when ẽti functions as a preverb, and ‘under, in/on’ for its prepositional use (cf. also Carruba 1977a:300f. “within”, Borchhardt & Eichner 1997-1999a:82f. “under”, Eichner 2005a:23 n. 123, 124 “at”, summarizing Christiansen 2012a:145, Sasseville 2021c:166f. “within”).

For a summary of the outdated hypotheses, see Neumann 2007a:85f.

[D.S.]

1. ẽtre/i-

This lexeme is attested in the inscription of the inscribed pillar of Xanthos, dated contextually to shortly after the ascension of Artaxerxes II in 405-404 BCE and stylistically to around 400 BCE (Borchhardt & Eichner 1997-1999a:19f.).

[D.S.]

For the phrase arppaxus ẽti tm̃pewẽti (TL 44c.58), Borchhardt & Eichner 1997-1999a:82 suggest the meaning ‘under’, i.e. ‘under the tm̃pewẽti of Harpagos’ in comparison to [ẽ]ti : xñtawata [p]eriklehe (N 314a.7-8) ‘under the reign of Perikles’. The comparison is attractive, although one cannot exclude that tm̃pewẽti refers to a place belonging to the deceased king Harpagos (thus Sasseville 2021d:183 “within the tm̃pewẽti of Harpagos”). In contrast, Schürr 2016d:160 (Schürr 2009b:112f., summarized in Christiansen 2012a:145) sees a Lycian noun ẽte/i-, which is hardly convincing in view of all the data and is here discarded (also rejected by Neumann 2007a:86).

[D.S.]

1. ẽtre/i-

The preverb ẽt- is attested with various verbs, e.g. fẽtwinta-^(t), qrata-^(d), os-, and nouns that are surely deverbal e.g. ẽtwerš(i)-, fẽtwinte- (see also Yakubovich 2005b:78 for a more thorough treatment). An etymological connection with CLuw. anda was suggested by Carruba 1959a:32 (thus also Gusmani 1964a:108). Differently, a connection with Lyc. ẽti was suggested by Yakubovich 2005b:79, which is a priori more convincing, since anda is already reflected in Lyd. da-. However, since the exact function of Lyd. ẽt- is obscure, no semantic argument can be adduced here and therefore more evidence is needed.

[D.S.]