*d^hh₁sk̑ā-^(ti)

This lexeme is found in the inscription of the inscribed pillar of Xanthos, dated contextually to shortly after the ascension of Artaxerxes II in 405-404 BCE and stylistically to around 400 BCE (Borchhardt & Eichner 1997-1999a:19f.).

[D.S.]

inf.

zãna

TL 44b.4 (Xanthos)

Contra Gehrisch 2018a:70, who takes it to be a noun in the nom./acc. pl. n.

[D.S.]

The word erizãna is interpreted here as preverb eri + inf. verb zãna (following Meriggi 1937a:506, Eichner 2005a:25 n. 135, Neumann 2007a:70, 431, Sasseville 2021a:57). Melchert (DLL:16) suggests tentatively a place name for erizãna, which is left unsupported. Schürr 2007b:118 suggests emending it to erij^!ãna (→ erije-^(ti)), which is unnecessary and ad hoc.

[D.S.]

While the meaning of the passage is still somewhat obscure, the infinitive zãna can be connected either to the factitive verb za-^(ti) ‘to give a share’ or to ze-^(ti) ‘to take (in marriage), collect’ (these two verbs are often confused with one another in the literature, see e.g. Neumann 2007a:431). Sasseville 2021a:57 assigns it to the former, though without elaborating on the context. The direct objects of the infinitive verb appear to be iwẽ se=τeτeris ‘iwẽ and towns’. For an analysis of the context, see Eichner 2005a:25f. and see Lyc. B zaza-^(ti).

[D.S.]

For the stem formation, see Sasseville 2021a:57.

[D.S.]

1. zasa-^(ti)
2. zata-
3. zala-^(ti)

1. zaza-^(ti)

The verb ca-^(t) is found several times in the Lycian corpus combined with different preverbs.

[D.S.]

3sg. pres. act.	cat	LW 11.6 (Sardis)
		LW 13.10 (Sardis)
3sg. pret. act.	dacal	LW 10.4 (Sardis)
	fẽncal	LW 50.4 (Middle Kaystros)
1sg. pret. act.	fẽncãν	LW 19.3 (Sardis)
		LW 54.6 (Sardis)

The meaning of ca-^(t) as ‘to dedicate (vel sim.)’ in all its prefixed forms has been elucidated on contextual grounds very early (Brandenstein 1931b:2-4, Gusmani 1964a:87). Melchert 1997a:39 claims that the simplex cat in LW 11.6 must be intransitive, but then casts doubt on this interpretation in Melchert 2006b:1165 n. 16, because the enclitic pronoun =as can be either nominative singular or accusative plural. Sasseville 2021a:53 argues for an intransitive verb, which would be supported by its formation in -ẽni-^(t), i.e. cẽni-^(t), which is intransitive as well. Furthermore, Sasseville (ibid.) equates Lyd. ca-^(t) with the Lyc. za-^(ti) ‘to give a share’, a denominative derived from the noun za- c. ‘share, allotment’ (thus Lyd. *ca- c. ‘share’). This brings additional evidence for the intransitivity of the Lydian ca-^(t), i.e. kot=as cat (LW 11.6) ‘In whichever way he gives a share.’

In Lydian, the addition of certain preverbs such as ẽn- renders the verb transitive, i.e. f-ẽn-ca- ‘to dedicate something to someone’, e.g. ak=ad artimuλ ipsimlλ fẽncãν (LW 54.5-6) ‘I dedicated it to Artemis of Ephesus.’. Likewise, the preverb kan- makes the verb transitive, e.g. kot=τ=in kocwid kancat (LW 13.10) ‘In whichever way he dedicates the kocwid.’ However, Sasseville (ibid.) points out that the addition of the preverb da- does not change the intransitivity of the base. dum=mλ=iš šelliš wesfa=k woras dacal (LW 10.3-4) ‘‘Then, the chief and the living son made a dedication for him’.

[D.S.]

Lydian ca-^(t) belongs to the non-lenited mi-conjugation and is interpreted by Sasseville 2021a:62f. as a factitive.

[D.S.]

1. cẽni-/τẽni-^(t)
2. caši-^(t)
3. cato-
4. cati-