*k^u̯ḗr-/*k^u̯ér-

This lexeme is attested in various funerary and dedicatory inscriptions of Lycia.

[D.S.]

acc. sg. or gen. pl.	terẽ	TL 149.14 (Rhodiapolis)
dat./loc. sg.	tere	TL 149.5 (Rhodiapolis),
		TL 149.16 (Rhodiapolis),
		N 324.24 (Xanthos)
	τere	TL 44b.33-34 (Xanthos)
adv. (iter.)	τere τere	TL 44b.3 (Xanthos),
		TL 44b.51 (Xanthos),
	tere : ter[e]	N 324.26 (Xanthos)
	[te]ṛ[e te]re	TL 118.5 (Limyra)

The form tere with the ending -e must be taken as locative singular instead of plural because of its agreement with ebehi kumehi (dat./loc. sg.) in TL 149.16 (DLL:63, Christiansen 2020a).The grammatical assignment in N 324.24 is not secured, because the sentence is broken off. A dative plural in -e or an iterated use tere [tere] is still a possibility. The form terñ does not belong here; see under the lexeme terñ.

[D.S.]

The reading of the attestation of TL 118.5 is not sure see Christiansen 2020a. For the attestation of tere (TL 44b.33-34), see the new join edited in Schürr & Dönmez 2015a:139. Differently, Schürr & Dönmez (ibid.) interpret the sequence τer[]-elã[.] as one word and reconstruct a genitive plural of the adjective trbbele/i-, i.e. τer[b]elã[i]. This is refuted by the fact that the genitive plural ending -ãi belongs to the paradigm of a-stems, not mutated stems, for which we would expect -ẽ. Therefore, it is preferable to assume two words, i.e. τer-e and lã[.].

[D.S.]

The elucidation of the Lycian lexeme tere- has been facilitated by the iterative construction tere tere, which is translated on contextual grounds as ‘in every district, everywhere’ (Neumann 1983a:148, Neumann 1984b:95, Cau 2003b:54, DLL:63, Neumann 2007a:347f.). Thus, the noun tere- is translated best as ‘district’ (see also Christiansen 2020a).

[D.S.]

The current attested forms are not indicative of the stem class: tere(/i)- could be an neuter stem in -e- or a mutated common gender stem in -e/i-.

[D.S.]

1. tetere/i-
2. Terẽ(i)- (PN) (attested in Lycian B context)

This lexeme is attested on the inscribed pillar of Xanthos dated shortly after the ascension of Artaxerxes II in 405-404 BCE.

[D.S.]

dat./loc. sg.	keri	TL 44c.51 (Xanthos),
		TL 44d.25 (Xanthos),
		TL 44d.26 (Xanthos)
dat./loc. pl.	kere	TL 44c.39 (Xanthos),
		TL 44d.23 (Xanthos)

Schürr 2016d:169 interprets the sequence se=de keri in TL 44c.51 as one word sedekeri suggesting that it is a personal name, for which there is no contextual support.

[D.S.]

Melchert (DLL:117) suggests that Lyc. B kere(/i)- is a cognate of Lyc. A tere(/i)- ‘district, territory’, which is phonologically a perfect match (cf. Schürr 2016d:161). The word keri occurs once within the same sentence as laxadi ‘during a military campaign’ (TL 44c.51-52), which supports the semantic assignment of kere(/i)- as ‘territory’. Furthermore, kere(/i)- is modified by the adjective epñtere/i- ‘further back’ in TL 44d.23, which should refer to more distant districts or territories (contra Neumann 2007a:164, Schürr ibid.). For the pragmatics, one should compare HLuw. /annantarra/i-/ ‘lower’, which modifies a place name (KULULU lead strip 1, §4, 15) and a river (TELL AHMAR 15, §9).Contra Shevoroshkin 2002a:228, 230, who suggests hypothetically a meaning ‘amend’ and an initial prothetic vowel e, i.e. ekere(/i)-, which is sometimes elided. There is no evidence whatsoever for any of his claims.

[D.S.]

The current attested forms are not indicative of the stem class: kere(/i)- could be an neuter stem in -e- or a mutated common gender stem in -e/i-.

[D.S.]

The majority of attestations of this lexeme come from Sardis, but two likely fragmentary occurrences belong to an inscription found in Middle Kaystros valley. This noun occurs in texts displaying a variety of genres. The texts from Sardis all share an uncertain date in the 5th or 4th century BCE, while the inscription TL 62 has been dated more precisely to the 4th century BCE.

[I.Y.]

nom./acc. sg.	qirad	LW 10.15 (Sardis)
	qiraad	LW 13.3 (Sardis)
dat. sg.	qiraaλ	LW 13.7 (Sardis)
	qiraλ	LW 1.9 (Sardis)
		LW 5.5 (Sardis)
		LW 12.4 (Sardis)
		LW 14.9 (Sardis)
		LW 14.13 (Sardis)
		LW 22.12 (Sardis)
		LW 24.14 (Sardis)
	qyraλ	LW 23.11 (Sardis)
unknown	qira[	LW 62.3 (Tire)
		LW 62.4 (Tire)

For the possible restoration qira[d in LW 62.3 see Poetto 2006a:1376.

The basic meaning ‘property’ became clear already at the dawn of the Lydian studies in view of correspondence between qiraλ and Aram. qnyn ‘property’ in the Greek and Aramaic bilingual LW 1 (Littmann 1916a:36). The syntax of LW 1 suggests that qira- is used as a cover term for various types of property. For the opposition between qira- and qasaa- in LW 10, cf. under qasaa-.

[I.Y.]

Synchronically, this is a neuter oxytone a-stem.

[I.Y.]

1. cẽqra-
2. caqrla-

EDHIL:486, HED K:216f., HEG I-K:611