=in
‘(particle)’
- Language
- Lydian
- Grammar
- part
- ID
- 908
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Lydian
=in
‘(particle)’1.1.1Transmission
The inscriptions where this particle is attested come either from Sardis or from the Lower Hermos valley, are numerous and belong to various genres. The earliest among them, the graffiti TL 30, is datable to the early 6th century BCE, while the tombstone LW 2 can be dated to the mid-4th century BCE. The majority of inscriptions can be dated only more approximately to the 5th or 4th century BCE.
[I.Y.]
1.1.2Forms
| indecl. | in | ||
| LW 18.2 (Sardis) | |||
| LW 46.3 (Manisa) |
The segmentation ed=t=in (LW 44.14) is doubted in Schürr 2003b:116 n. 13.
[I.Y.]
1.1.3Meaning
This particle always appears at the right edge of the Wackernagel chain. Its meaning, however, remains elusive. In some contexts, the translation ‘then’ could be appropriate (Meriggi 1935a:77), while in others the function of quotation particle could be suggested (Meriggi 1963a:26f.), but neither of these accounts emerges as satisfactory based in the light of the comprehensive study. Perhaps the most relevant observation was made in Littmann 1916a:34: the particle =in can mark the last one among the coordinated phrases, as in LW 2.2-3 and LW 2.6-7. Yet there are many other cases where =in appears outside the chain of coordinated phrases or clauses, and so, as a general rule, this particle should be left without translation. For a more nuanced discussion see Gusmani 1964a:133 and cf. Gusmani 1980a:59.
[I.Y.]
1.1.4Origin
No etymology possible.
[I.Y.]