*morā́-

The attestations of this lexeme are confined to inscriptions of the Xanthos valley.

[D.S.]

nom./acc. coll.	mara	TL 45b.4 (Xanthos)
		N 320.33 (Xanthos)
dat./loc. coll.	mere	TL 44a.8 (Xanthos)
		TL 44a.11 (Xanthos)
		TL 44b.25 (Xanthos)
		N 320.31 (Xanthos)

This lexeme is attested in the trilingual inscription, where it corresponds to Aramaic dth borrowed from Old Persian dātā ‘law’ (Laroche 1979c:73f., DLL:39, Neumann 2007a:209).

[D.S.]

This lexeme is attested only in the collective in Lycian A as opposed to Lycian B, where both animate and collective forms are found. Therefore, the animate noun in -a- (c.) is posited for Lycian A as well. The assumption of Neumann 2007a:209 that Lycian A mara is the neuter plural form of unattested *mere- (n.) is not credible vis-à-vis the Lycian B evidence; cf. DLL:39.

[D.S.]

1. Trbbãmara- (deity) (Carruba 1977a:312, Neumann 1979a:25, Neumann 1979b:262)
2. Ijamara- (personal name) (Meriggi 1980b:216, Lebrun 1983b:70; cf. Neumann 2007a:147f.)

1. maraza-
2. marazi(je)-
3. Merehe/i- (personal name) (Carruba 1977a:312, Lebrun 1983b:70, Bousquet 1992a:172-180, Eichner 1993a:139f. n. 117, Borchhardt & Eichner 1997-1999a:36; cf. Neumann 2007a:209, Wagner 2011a:150)

This lexeme is mostly attested in the poetic inscription of the inscribed pillar of Xanthos.

[D.S.]

dat. sg.	meri	TL 55.1 (Antiphellos)
acc. pl.	marãz	TL 44d.63 (Xanthos)
	mar[ãz]	TL 44d.24 (Xanthos)
abl./instr. coll.	meredi	TL 44d.29 (Xanthos)
	{meredi}	TL 44d.30 (Xanthos)

The form meri attested in TL 55.1 only belongs here, if it is in the dative singular case and represents an instance of persisting vowel harmony, i.e. *mari → meri, cf. Carruba 1977a:312, DLL:120, Schürr 2005a:144.

[D.S.]

Bugge 1901a:14 reconstructs mar[ãz] in TL 44d.24, in order to obtain a syntactic agreement with the preceding word urttuwãz, which finds support from the other attestation in TL 44d.63 (followed by Gusmani 1968c:17, DLL:120). The word {meredi} in TL 44d.30 is a case of diplography.

[D.S.]

The meaning is taken over from the Lycian A lexeme (DLL:120, Neumann 2007a:194, Melchert 2015c:161 n. 7). Stoltenberg 1955a:53, 79 had already posited the right semantics by analyzing it as an action noun of mar-^(ti) ‘to order’. The semantic assignment ‘law’ is contextually supported, since mara- is the direct object of mrsxxa-^(ti) ‘to desecrate, to offend’ in TL 44d.24. The older meaning ‘magistrate’ is outdated, pace Bugge 1901a:14, Gusmani 1964c:48 n. 28.

[D.S.]

The ending in -ãz is the accusative plural common gender of Lycian B a-stems, likewise Gusmani 1964c:48, Melchert 2009b:112.

[D.S.]

Reconstructed from personal names attested in a Sidetic name list of unknown date (cf. Nollé 2001a:642–644, cf. Zinko 2016a) and in a graffito on a tomb stela from Lyrbe of unknown date (Zinko & Zinko 2016a:377f., Zinko & Zinko 2019a:427f.).

[Zs.S.]

nom. sg.	mar	S9, 6
	mr	S11, 1

The attestations follow Zinko 2016a:368 checked against the photographs in Zinko 2016a:360 Abb. 1 and Zinko & Zinko 2016a:379 Abb. 5.

The segmentation of tobVn₂remar (S9) as tobVn₂re-mar follows Nollé 2001a:644, which leads to the phonologically regular word *mar with well-attested parallels (see under Meaning), unlike the segmentation of Pérez Orozco 2007a:128 (followed by Zinko 2016a:368 and Zinko & Zinko 2019a:429) leading to *remar, a phonologically problematic word without known parallels (see s.v.). The same word can be present in i̤śtorẹmr (S11), with iśtore as a -re-derivative of iśto, see s.v. (Simon 2019g:387f., contra Zinko & Zinko 2016a:379–381, Zinko & Zinko 2019a:429f., on the presumable suffix -re- see s.v. tobVn₂re).

[Zs.S.]

Carian compound names with -μαρα as the second element are well attested (see s.v. Carian *mara, such names are well-known in Lycia and Pamphylia, too, see Nollé 2001a:644 n. 64) and this word might be a cognate of this Sidetic element. If this is correct and if the Carian element is indeed connected to the Anatolian words meaning ‘law’, it may be the case here, too (cf. also Simon 2019g:387f.).

[Zs.S.]

Reconstructed from Carian personal names from the Hellenistic period (2^nd – 1^st c. BC [perhaps in 1^st c. AD too], LGPN V.B:272, 273) and toponyms (3^rd – 2^nd c. BC, Blümel 1998a:169, 176) attested in Greek.

[Zs.S.]

In personal names:

Μαρος	(Zgusta 1964a:298 §873-13; Blümel 1992a:19; LGPN V.B:273)
Μαρευς	(Zgusta 1964a:297 §873-6; Blümel 1992a:18; LGPN V.B:272)

In toponyms:

Κελι-μαρα	(Blümel 1998a:169)
Πανα-μαρα	(Zgusta 1984a:466 §1000; Blümel 1998a:176)

Attestations following Adiego 2007a:335 with Κελι-μαρα added by Blümel 1998a:169.

[Zs.S.]

Adiego 2007a:335 identifies this word with Lyc. A (&B) mara- ‘law’, Lyc. A maraza- ‘arbiter’ (see s.vv.). The combination of Κελιμαρα with Παναμαρα on the one hand and Παναμαρα as a compound name with the well attested Carian *pana- (see s.v.) as the first member on the other hand clearly prove that there is a Carian word *mara- (that may underlie the personal names Μαρος and Μαρευς), which also has a Lycian equivalent *mara- attested in personal names (Neumann 2007a:195; the name Μαρος is also attested in Cilicia Tracheia and Pamphylia, LGPN V.B:273). While an identification with mara- ‘law’ is formally possible (but obviously not with maraza-), the meaning ‘law’, although not fully inappropriate, remains problematic for these personal names and toponyms.

[Zs.S.]

Possible compound:

1. trqδimr