/maraT(i)-/, ma-ra+a-ti-
‘order, request’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Class
- Derivative
- Grammar
- subst, common gender
- Certainty
- high
- ID
- 230
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/maraT(i)-/, ma-ra+a-ti-
‘order, request’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is a hapax legomenon attested in an ASSUR letter (late 8th BCE).
[D.S.]
1.1.2Forms
| acc. sg. | /maraTin/ | (“LOQUI”)ma-ra+a-ti-na | ASSUR letter b, §4 (Assur) |
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
Melchert 2003b:197 interprets the alveolar as lenis, although this single non-rhotacized attestation is not enough to determine its lenis or fortis quality, whence it is left undetermined here; see under Reconstruction.
[D.S.]
1.1.4Meaning ‘order, request’
Based on the context, Morpurgo Davies 1980b:98 translates (“LOQUI”)ma-ra+a-ti-na as ‘bidding’. Melchert 1988a:37 (and Melchert 2003b:197) suggests a stronger meaning such as ‘injunction, order’, which would be supported by the peremptory tone of the Assur letters. Melchert’s suggestion has been cautiously taken over by Hawkins 2000a:534 and Giusfredi 2010b:214. Payne 2012a:115 translates it with the term ‘request’.
[D.S.]
2. Reconstruction
2.1Reconstruction
The lexeme /maraT(i)-/ c. offers two different phonological interpretations as possibilities, i.e. /marad(i)-/ or /maratt(i)/.
On historical grounds, the one with the lenited alveolar is made more plausible by assuming that the derivational base is a noun in *-eh2-, i.e. *moréh2-, whose existence in Luwic is supported by the Proto-Lycian lexeme *morā́-. The derivational chain can be posited as follows: *mor-éh2- + -t- > *mor-ā́-d- with i-mutation > /marad(i)-/. This hypothesis speaks for the phonological interpretation of ma-ra+a-ti- c. as /marad(i)-/, but the synchronic evidence is not assured yet.
[D.S.]
For the lemma head see */mar-(ti)/.