prñnawa-
‘grave-house’
- Language
- Lycian A
- Grammar
- subst, c.
- ID
- 3890
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Lycian A
prñnawa-
‘grave-house’1.1.1Transmission
This noun is well attested across the corpus and is mainly found in grave inscriptions.
[D.S.]
1.1.2Forms
The attestations of the frequently attested form prñnawã are cited only selectively in the table.
[D.S.]
1.1.3Meaning
The meaning of prñnawa- was readily understood, since it refers to the monument on which it is attested, i.e. mostly grave-houses, and translated accordingly (Thomsen 1899a:39, 54f., Laroche 1958b:171, Laroche 1979c:63, Heubeck 1989a:48, Hajnal 1994a:149, Melchert in DLL:51; faulty Borchhardt & Eichner 1997-1999a:60f., Eichner 2017a:287 and Neumann 2007a:283f. “Bauwerk”, Christiansen 2020a:197 “building”). In TL 56, the Lycian word prñnawa- is rendered with Greek μνῆμα ‘memorial’, which needs not to be projected onto the Lycian word, since μνῆμα is used in general for any kind of buildings (see also TL 6, TL 117). For a philological/archeological study of prñnawa-, which also confirms the meaning ‘grave-house’ or ‘house-tomb’, see Seyer 2019a:258-262.
[D.S.]
1.1.4Stem
The derivational chain of prñnawa- as a denominal formation built on the noun for ‘house’ matching Hittite parn- has long been clear (Gusmani 1962a:173 with n. 50, Carruba 1977a:280). Hajnal 1994a:149 further assumes that the Indo-European suffix *-u̯o- (Lyc. -we/i-) is used for the derivation, which is further supported by Rieken & Sasseville 2014a:310, who provide a broader study on the Anatolian suffix *-u̯o- and its “equative” function, or in other words “having the status of”. The derivational chain can be posited as follows: *prñn- ‘house’ → *prñn-e-we/i- ‘having the status of a house’ → prñnaw-a- c. ‘that which is like a house = grave-house’.
The suggestion of Borchhardt & Eichner 1997-1999a:60f. and Neumann 2007a:284, viz. that it comes from the *-u̯er/n- suffix as attested in Hittite -war(/n)- with loss of final -r-, is formally possible, but not supported by the overall data; see under Reconstruction. Nonsensical Oreshko 2019a:93f. n. 26.
[D.S.]
1.1.5Derivatives
2. Reconstruction
2.1Reconstruction ‘that which equates to a house’
Considering Luw. (in Hitt. Tr.) parnawaiške/a-(mi) ‘to make into the property of the royal house’ and HLuw. /parnawa-/ ‘to serve’, it is likely that the stem in *-eh2- can be reconstructed at least for Proto-Luwic, i.e. *pr̥n-V-u̯-eh2- ‘that which equates to a house’, from which a factitive in *-eh2- and a denominative in *-eh2-i̯e/o- were created.Nonsense Oreshko 2019a:93f. n. 26 “a verbal suffix -wa-”. Hajnal 1994a:149 n. 40 suggests that the base, i.e. the word for ‘house’, used for the derivative in *-u̯o- is a collective in *-eh2 (later *-ā), which would explain the presence of a “linking” vowel. For a different perspective on the vowel -a- before the suffix *-u̯o- (or *-u̯eh2-), see under the lemma parnawaiške/a-(mi).
[D.S.]