/walliya-(ti)/, wa/i-li-ia-
‘to rise (in favour)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 2583
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/walliya-(ti)/, wa/i-li-ia-
‘to rise (in favour)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme occurs 11 times in the HLuw. corpus and can be found mainly in Karkamiš in the east, but also more centrally in Tabal and Maraş, further east in Commagene, and towards the south in Tell Ahmar. The relevant texts date to between the 10th and the late 8th centuries BCE.
[AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
| 2sg. pres. ind. act. | /walliyassi/ | wa/i-li-ia-si | KIRŞEHİR lead strip, §16 (Tabal) |
| ˹wa/i˺-[li]-ia-si-i | KIRŞEHİR lead strip, §17 (Tabal) | ||
| 3sg. pret. ind. act. | /walliyatta/ | BONUS-li-ia-ta | TELL AHMAR 5, §10 (Tell Ahmar) |
| KARKAMIŠ A2+3, §3 (Karkamiš) | |||
| KARKAMIŠ A2+3, §4 (Karkamiš) | |||
| KARKAMIŠ A2+3, §5 (Karkamiš) | |||
| BONUS-ia-ta | KARKAMIŠ A23, §11 (Karkamiš) | ||
| 3pl. pret. ind. act. | /walliyanta/ | (BONUS)wa/i-li-ia-ta | KARKAMIŠ A14a, §6 (Karkamiš) |
| (BONUS)[...] | KARKAMIŠ A14a, §7 (Karkamiš) | ||
| 3sg. impv. act. | /walliyattu/ | (BONUS)wa/i-li-ia-tu-u | MALPINAR, §11 (Commagene) |
| part. nom. sg. c. | /ulliyammis/ | (BONUS)u-li-ia-mi-sà | MARAŞ 1, §1i (Maraş) |
The participle form was first identified as belonging to the present lexeme by Hawkins 1980a:142.
[AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this lexeme is quite certain. For one, the HLuw. corpus itself offers a number of spellings that all point in the same direction and tie the verb securely to the logogram BONUS (sign *165). BONUS is sometimes used as a determinative, i.e. a reading aid, and sometimes as representing a part of the form proper, and similar spellings are found across the entire word family. For another, the word is cognate with CLuw. walli-(ti) ‘to raise’ and Hittite walla-/walli(ya)-(ḫi) ‘to praise, honour’, albeit with a different stem formation, but the cuneiform spelling shows plainly the quality of the lateral in the root. As is clear from the HLuw. data, there are no forms with contracted /-iya-/ attested for /walliya-/ (see Sasseville 2021a:129 on this issue); only the participle 〈(BONUS)u-li-ia-mi-sà〉 from MARAŞ 1, §1i shows root allomorphy.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning assigned to this verb rests mainly on the early analyses of CLuw. walli-(ti) by Meriggi 1957a:199f. incl. n. 18 and Laroche 1958b:178, which proved transferable to HLuw., see Hawkins & Morpurgo Davies 1979a:394 and later in more detail Melchert 2011b:80-84. The HLuw. lexeme is usually employed in constructions with a dative beneficiary, cf. e.g. the relevant passage in KIRŞEHİR lead strip, §§16-17: á-wa/i-ha-wa/i OMNIS-ma-sa-za-a MAGNUS+ra/i-ia-a-la-za wa/i-li-ia-si á-mi-ia-pa-wa/i NEG2 ˹wa/i˺-[li]-ia-si-i, /awi=ha=wa tanimassanza uriyallanza walliyasi ammiya=ba=wa na walliyasi/ ‘Come (on), you rise for all grandees, but do not rise for mine’. In most of the attested passages, however, the verb is accompanied by the preverbs /appanni/ and /anta/, and this particular phrasing is used to describe a rising of the gods in favour and support of a person, or their presumed refusal to do so for less fortunate predecessors, e.g. in KARKAMIŠ A14a, §6: *a-wa/i-ma-za DEUS-ni-zi “COR”-tara/i-na NEG2 POST-ni a-tá (BONUS)wa/i-li-ia-ta, i.e. /a=wa=mmanza massaninzi atrin na appanni anta walliyanta/ ‘The gods did not rise behind them in person’ (cf. Melchert 2011b:80f. and Sasseville 2021a:32-34).For the use of “COR”-tara/i-na /atrin/ as ‘in person, personally’ here, see the discussion by Melchert 2011b:84 following a suggestion by Yakubovich.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
Sasseville 2021a:32-34 regards this verb as a factitive in /-a-(ti)/, derived from the noun /walliya-/ c.
[AH.B.]
1.1.6Derivatives
For the derivational base see Luw. /walliya-/.