/walliyanu(wa)-(i)/, (BONUS)wa/i-li-ia-nú-wa/i-
‘to raise, exalt’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 2584
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/walliyanu(wa)-(i)/, (BONUS)wa/i-li-ia-nú-wa/i-
‘to raise, exalt’1.1.1Transmission
The seven attestations of this lexeme originate from Maraş and Karkamiš in the centre and east, as well as Tell Ahmar and Amuq in the south. The texts date to between the late 10th and 8th centuries BCE.
[AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
| 1sg. pret. ind. act. | /walliyanuwahha/ | (BONUS)wa/i-li-ia-nú-wa/i-ha | MARAŞ 4, §11 (Maraş) |
| [(BO]NUS)[wa/i]-li-ia-nú-[w]a/i-ha | KARKAMIŠ A 27j, l. 1 (Karkamiš) | ||
| BONUS-li-ia-nu-wa/i-ha | TELL AHMAR 5, §15 (Tell Ahmar) | ||
| MARAŞ 4, §15 (Maraş) | |||
| TELL AHMAR 6, §14 (Tell Ahmar) | |||
| /wallinuhha/ | <wa/i?>-li-nu-u-ha | JISR EL HADID 4, D§3 (Amuq) | |
| 2sg. impv. act. | /walliyanuwa/ | BONUS-li-ia-nu-wa/i | TELL AHMAR 5, §12b (Tell Ahmar) |
The form in JISR EL HADID 4, D§3 is restored to 〈<wa/i?>-li-nu-u-ha〉 following Dinçol, Dinçol, Hawkins & Peker 2014a:65, who point out that /walliya-/ is the verb most likely to occur with /atr(i)-/ ‘own, self’ and that no verb */linu-/ is known from HLuw. so far.
[AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this verb is reasonably certain, because it is part of the word family around /walliya-/ ‘to rise (in favour)’ and has a cognate in CLuw. walli-(ti) ‘to raise, lift’. The present lexeme is a standard causative derivation in /-nu(wa)-(i)/, and the shape of the suffix is well-known from other verbs.
The form attested at JISR EL HADID 4, D§3 (dating to the 8th century BCE) shows two contractions characteristic of later forms: /-iya-/ is shortened to /-i-/ and /-nuwa-/ to /-nu-/.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning was established by Hawkins & Morpurgo Davies 1979a:394 and further elucidated by Melchert 2011b:81. Morphologically a causative, /walliyanu(wa)-(i)/ provides the transitive complement to /walliya-(ti)/ ‘to rise’, which takes only dative benefactives, whereas all clauses with /walliyanu(wa)-(i)/ involve direct object accusatives and may additionally show dative benefactives. This becomes obvious in MARAŞ 4, §15: wa/i-mi-i á-mi-na (“COR”)á-tara/i-i-na á-pa-ara/i BONUS-li-ia-nu-wa/i-ha, i.e. /wa=mi ammin atrin appari walliyanuwahha/ ‘Afterwards, I raised (= exalted) my image for myself’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:257). A similar construction can be seen in JISR EL HADID 4, D§3: wa/i-na á-pi-sa-za tá-ti-za DEUS-na-za COR-ni-i-na <wa/i?>-li-nu-u-ha, i.e. /wa=an abissanza tadinza massaninza attanin wallinuhha/ ‘I raised him personally for his paternal gods’ (cf. Dinçol, Dinçol, Hawkins & Peker 2014a:63).
It is likely that the Empire Luwian dialect used to have a transitive simplex /walli-/, which would have corresponded to CLuw. walli-(ti) ‘to raise’ and provided the derivational basis for the noun /walliya-/ c., but this appears to have been replaced by /walliyanu(wa)-(i)/.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
This verb is a deverbal formation in /-nu(wa)-(i)/, built from /walliya-(ti)/ ‘to rise’. Although none of the pertinent forms are attested, it is safe to assume that the verb uses ḫi-conjugation endings as is usual for the class in /-nu(wa)-/, cf. Sasseville 2021a:463f.
[AH.B.]
For the derivational base, see HLuw. /walliya-(ti)/.