*sóu̯h₃-/suh₃-´

The equation of CLuw. šūwa-^(i)? ‘to fill’, HLuw. /suwa-^(i)?/ ‘id.’, Pal. šuwa- ‘id.’ and Hitt. šūwa- leads to the reconstruction of a Proto-Anatolian verb ‘to fill’, whose stem formation has been debated. Oettinger 1979a:296 attributes the Hittite verb šūwa- to a denominative verb of the ḫatrāi-class (likewise HEG S:1216-1220), which is formally possible. Kloekhorst (EDHIL:797) does not accept Oettinger’s hypothesis and posits instead an original verb in *-i̯e/o-, in which the glide would have disappeared intervocalically without a trace. Taking all evidence into consideration, the attestations  speak for an original root verb of the ḫi-conjugation, i.e. *sóu̯h₃-/suh₃-´ ‘to fill’. This hypothesis would be reconcilable with all Anatolian languages, while the hypothesis of having a denominative verb would not account for all of them.

[D.S.]

According to LIV²:539, the PIE root *seu̯h₃- means ‘to be/become full’Cf. Oettinger 1979a:159. and is to be separated from PIE *seu̯h₁- (with laryngeal h₁) ‘to set in motion’ (LIV²:538f.In LIV2+ s.v. *su̯eh₁- (with n. 1), the two different roots *seu̯h₁- ‘to set in motion’ (LIV²:538f.) and *su̯eh₁(i̯)- ‘to swing’ (LIV²:606) are subsumed under a common root form *su̯eh₁- ‘to set in motion’.). In EIEC:507, however, both roots appear to be considered identical and subsumed under a form *seu̯h₃- ‘to set in motion’. It seems questionable, though, whether words with semantics like ‘to be/become full, to fill’ or the like can be explained from a basic meaning ‘to set in motion’. PIE *seu̯h₃- ‘to be/become full’ could, however, be related to PIE *seu̯H- ‘to give birth’, cf. LIV²:538 s.v. ?*seu̯H- n. 1. 

The PIE root *seu̯h₃- ‘to be/become full’ seems to be exclusively attested in Anatolian: A nasal-infixed present PIE *su-né-h₃-/*su-n-h₃-´ is preserved by Hitt. šunna-/šunn- ‘to fill’, Pal. šūna- ‘id.’Cf. LIV²:539 with n. 3f. and lit. Somewhat differently Kloekhorst, EDHIL:785, who reconstructs *su-nó-h_1/3-/*su-n-h_1/3-´. Furthermore, Hitt. šūu̯a-, Pal. šuu̯a-, CLuw. šūwa- ‘to fill’ might point to an original ḫi-conjugated root verb PAnat. *sóu̯h₃-/*suh₃-´ ‘to fill’ (cf. the PAnat. reconstruction above). As for the nominal stem formation, there is a u-stem adjective PIE *sÉu̯h₃-u-/*-Éu̯- ‘full’, which can be reconstructed on the basis of Hitt. šūu-/šūu̯au̯- ‘full’ (cf. also EDHIL:794).

The root-final laryngeal is reconstructed as h₃, as per Melchert 1987b:23–25; cf. LIV²:539 with n. 1. In EDHIL:785f., 794, however, the laryngeal is reconstructed as h_1/3. Lühr 2000a:195f. wants to relate the Anatolian forms to the adj. PGerm. *su̯enþa- ‘strong’ (> Goth. swinþs ‘strong, healthy’, etc.), which she traces to pre-PGerm. *su̯éh₁n̥to- (for original *su̯eh₁n̥tó- with accent shift) and ultimately to a root PIE *su̯eh₁- ‘to make strong, strengthen, fill’. This root, however, contains h₁ and, more importantly, full grade II as opposed to *seu̯h₃- with h₃ and full grade I (as per LIV²:539), which makes a relation between the Germanic adjective and the Anatolian forms under discussion rather unlikely. Furthermore, the Germanic adjective, whose etymology is by no means certain, can be explained differently; cf., e.g., Heidermanns 1993a:578 (with further lit.), who explains the word as a secondary formation with a suffix *-to-, based on a stem PIE *sg̑^hu̯en- ‘strength, power’ (cf. perhaps Gk. σθένος n. ‘strength, might’ if from *sg̑^hu̯enos-).

[T.S.]

No certain extra-Anatolian cognates, cf. LIV²:539 s.v. ?*seu̯h₃- with n. 1.