*su-né-h3-/*su-n-h3-´(ḫi)
‘to fill (?)’
- Language
- Proto-Anatolian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 803
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
*/sun(na)-/
‘to fill’1.1.1Derivatives
1.2 Cuneiform Luwian
*šunn(a)-
‘to fill’1.2.1Derivatives
1.3 Palaic
šūna-
‘to fill’1.3.1Transmission
This lexeme is found on an Old/Middle Hittite tablet of the festival for the Palaic pantheon.
[D.S.]
1.3.2Forms
| 3sg. pret. ind. act. | šu-ú-na-at | KUB 35.165 rev. 22’ | (CTH 751, OS or MS) |
| 2sg. impv. act. | šu-ú-na | KUB 35.165 rev. 24’ | (CTH 751, OS or MS) |
1.3.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photograph in the Konkordanz.
[D.S.]
1.3.4Meaning
Otten 1945-1951a:81 equates Palaic šuna- with Hittite šunna-/šunn-(ḫi), which is contextually supported. In KUB 35.165 rev. 21’, the Hittite passage mentions that the cups of the deity are being filled. Immediately after, the Palaic passage begins by repeating the same action, i.e. ša-a-wa-ia-ia šu-ú-na-at ‘He filled the cups.’. This semantic interpretation has been followed by Carruba 1970a:70, Kammenhuber 1959a:36, Melchert 1984b:31, HEG S:1169.
[D.S.]
1.3.5Stem
Pace [
[D.S.]
1.3.6Compounds
1.3.7Derivatives
1.4 Hittite
šunna-/šunn-(ḫi)
‘to fill’1.4.1Forms
Oettinger 1979a:158f., HEG S:1166-1172, EDHIL:785f.
2. Reconstruction
2.1Reconstruction ‘to fill (?)’
The evidence of Hitt. šunna-/šunn-(ḫi) ‘to fill’ and Pal. šūna- ‘id.’ speaks for the reconstruction of an ablauting nasal infix verb *su-né-h3-/*su-n-h3-´ of the ḫi-conjugation, in which the form with the geminate nasal would reflect the generalized weak stem (šunn- < *sunh3-), while the one with a single nasal would reflect the strong stem (šunā-). It is clear that Pre-Palaic had both stem variants, especially if one looks at the derivative šunnuttila ‘stuffed’, which must have been built on the weak stem of the verb (Melchert 1987b:24f, for a summary of the literature see HEG S:1170f.). The Luwian corresponding verb is not attested, but its existence in the language must be assumed based on derivatives such as šunnuwant(i)- ‘filled, rich (?)’, which would have been derived from the weak stem of the verb. If the spelling of šunatruwant(i)- ‘rich in outpourings’ with a single nasal is not defective but genuine, it could have been built on the strong stem. In any case, no decision should be made until more attestations are found.
The reconstruction of *h3 instead of *h1 is necessary to explain the vowel -a-, e.g. in Palaic šūna-. Otherwise, the outcome would be **šūne- (Melchert ibid. n. 15, Yates 2015a:155, differently Oettinger 1979a:158f. who reconstructs a root-final *h2). Kloekhorst (EDHIL:785f.) leaves the matter open, because he believes in a *-nó-/-n-´ ablaut in the n-infix of ḫi-conjugated verbs. This view is not followed here, because the verbs in question can all be reconstructed with *h3 instead; cf. tarna-/tarn-(ḫi) ‘to let go’, šanna-/šann-(ḫi) ‘to conceal’.
[D.S.]