tr̥pélā-

This lexeme is attested in the inscription of the inscribed pillar of Xanthos, dated contextually to shortly after the ascension of Artaxerxes II in 405-404 BCE and stylistically to around 400 BCE (Borchhardt & Eichner 1997-1999a:19f.).

[D.S.]

Melchert (DLL:131) interprets trppali as an acc. sg., expecting the stem to be mutated (likewise Shevoroshkin 2002a:219 and Neumann 2007a:377 with hesitation). However, this is regarded here as outdated due to the recognition of the non-mutating suffix -ala-, which leaves the dat. sg. as the only possible analysis (Sasseville 2014-2015a:111f.). The interpretation as an acc. sg. was motivated by the preceding genitival adjective memrezn͂ ‘of Memre’, which is, however, more easily matched with the acc. sg. tasn͂t(u) in the preceding line. Contra Schürr 2018b:82, trppali can hardly be a verbal form belonging to the denominative trppala- (see under Derivatives).

[D.S.]

The word trppali denotes the recipient to whom Memre’s dwelling for cattle is handed over. Meriggi 1936b:276 assumed a connection between trppala- and trpplẽ ‘threefold’, which is semantically and morphologically unconvincing. Korolev & Shevoroshkin 1969a:541 (and Shevoroshkin 1971a:206) compare instead CLuw. tarpalla/i- ‘substitute, representative’, which is more promising (likewise DLL:131). This would imply that trppala- refers to a person replacing someone else. Though possible, the referent of trppala- remains unclear, and therefore the translation obtained from the Luwian perspective must be considered provisional.

The equation between Lyc. B trppali and Lyc. A trbbeli suggested by Lebrun 1999a:51f. is phonologically untenable. No meaning is provided by Gehrisch 2018a:91 and Schürr 2018b:82. The meaning ‘tribute, taxes’ given by Shevoroshkin 2002a:219 is inadequate and unsupported.

[D.S.]

For the suffix -ala- c., see Sasseville 2014-2015a.

[D.S.]

1. trppala-^(ti)

This lexeme is attested in two metrical inscriptions. It is noteworthy that the inscription LW 13 uses the sign <y>, which may indicate a dating in the Archaic period (see Euler & Sasseville 2019a:129). The other one, which seems to be some kind of dedicatory inscription for the goddess Malis, cannot be dated accurately.

[D.S.]

If koττis is an attribute of tarplas in LW 13.6 (Gusmani 1961a:182), then tarplas has to be acc. pl. (see Sasseville 2017a:140). For the assignment as acc. pl. in TL 15.2, see Billing & Sasseville 2024a:108.

[D.S.]

Due to the assignment of tarw-, tarf- and tarp- to one and the same root, the semantics of ‘to possess’ were assigned to all concerned words (see Brandenstein 1931b:38, Vetter 1959a:41, Gusmani 1964a:209). The main impulse for this semantic interpretation was on the word pλtarwo-, which has now received a different meaning and etymology. Therefore, the meaning ‘to own’, whose lexical slot is already filled with Lyd. *sfa- at any rate, should be abandoned, contra Meriggi 1935a:104, who translates tarpla- with ‘owner’ (followed by Gusmani 1961a:182 n. 22, Gusmani 1980a:99). It is better to compare CLuw. tarpalla/i- ‘substitute’ (thus Shevoroshkin 1969a:270) and Lyc. B trppala- c. ‘substitute, representative (?)’.Very unlikely Brandenstein 1931b:38 “an ethnicon”. However, it should be pointed out that despite the morphological argument for taking Lyd. tarpla- c. as an individual (see under Stem), there is not yet any contextual evidence to support this interpretation. Therefore, it is possible that tarpla- c. refers not to a person, but to an object instead, which makes sense as a direct object of fẽnanil ‘to perform, provide (substitutes)’ (see Billing & Sasseville 2024a:108). Therefore, the meaning ‘substitute (?)’ is here adopted provisionally. One should also compare Lyd. tarpτa-^(d).

[D.S.]

The Lydian suffix -la- without i-mutation was historically distinguished from its mutated counterpart -l(i)- (CLuw. -alla/i-, Lyc. -ele/i-) by Sasseville 2014-2015a:117f., thus matching the agent noun suffix CLuw. -alla- c. as well as Lyc. -la- c.; outdated Oettinger 1986a:20 on the historical level, but cf. Neumann 1965a:274 who rightly adduces the Hittite suffix -āla-, now reconstructed as *-ó-leh₂- (see Melchert apud Sasseville 2014-2015a:118).

[D.S.]

1. tarplati-