/appanni/, POST-ni
‘behind’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- adv
- ID
- 3086
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/appanni/, POST-ni
‘behind’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested approx. 20 times in inscriptions from Karkamiš, Commagene, Malatya, Aleppo, and Tell Ahmar, dating from the 11th century down to c. 800 BCE.
[A.P.] [AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
The 〈ní〉 in ALEPPO 7, §10 is easily visible contra Hawkins 2011b:48.
[A.P.] [AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The spelling of the word implies an analysis as /appanni/, but from a semantic point of view, the present lexeme is indistinguishable from /appan/ ‘behind’. Given the otherwise reliable distinction between the signs NA and NI, it should be assumed that the choice of 〈ni, ní〉 signifies a real phonological difference, cf. Boroday & Yakubovich 2018a:13. That said, it is noteworthy that the two words /appan/ and /appanni/ never appear within the same text, instead a text will contain either one or the other.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning ‘behind, after’
Even though the phonological shape of the present word appears to be different from /appan/, the semantic difference between the two postulated by Boroday & Yakubovich 2018a:12f. is not always discernible. Still, they note that /appanni/ does not appear in sentence-initial position, although /appan/ does and then usually has a temporal meaning. It is noticeable that the two words appear in complementary distribution across the texts, i.e. an inscription will consistently rely on one of the variants and not use the other. Considering the small size of the HLuw. corpus, this may be due to chance, however. In KARKAMIŠ A11a, §15, the word functions as a preverb: *a-wa/i-mu-tá za-zi (SCALPRUM)ku-ta-sa5+ra/i-zi POST-ní PES-wa/i-ta, approx. /a=wa=mu=tta zanzi kuttassarinzi appanni awinta/, probably meaning ‘(When I built the holy temple,) these orthostats came after (i.e. became available) to me (and I fixed these gates with the orthostats)’, cf. Hawkins 2000a:95, 98 and Boroday & Yakubovich 2018a:13.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
This adverb is analysed as a compound by Boroday & Yakubovich 2018a:12, consisting of /appa/ ‘back’ and /anni/ ‘for, at, from’
[AH.B.]