*zeh₁-/*zih₁-

Most of the non-Hittite material subsumed under this main lemma attests meanings that can directly be traced back to ‘to finish’ vel sim. Rieken 2019b and EDHIL:1034 take this semantic sphere as primary in comparison with the meanings attested in Hitt. zē‑/ziya-^(MP) ‘to be cooked’, zanu-^(mi) ‘to cook (trans.)’, zēna- ‘autumn’, zēri- n. ‘cup’.For the opposite approach, cf. Müller 2007a:311 and the derivation of YAv. θraošti- f. ‘completion, end’ from OAv. θraoš- ‘to bring to maturity/​completion’ which belongs to the root PIE *treh₁u̯- ‘to rear, nourish’ (LIV²:647). The tentative proposal s.v. PAnat. *zeh₁no- ‘autumn’, viz. to connect the root PIE *ti̯eh₁- ‘(to become) hot’ (LIV²:617f., LIV²⁺ s.v. (*tei̯h₁- →) *ti̯eh₁-) would imply the same development, cf. also LIV²:617f.Unlike Kloekhorst (EDHIL:1033f.) who reconstructs the root PIE (2.)*ti̯eh₁- with the meaning ‘to come to an end’, Rieken 2019b:312f. proposes a connection with PIE *k^u̯i̯eh₁- (LIV²:393f.). While LIV² reconstructs the meaning ‘to rest’, Rieken 2019b (followed by Inglese 2020a:318–321) proposes ‘to come to an end’ as the more original meaning which, on the one hand, was maintained in Anatolian (cf. Hitt. zinnā-/zinn-^(ḫi) ‘to bring to an end’, etc.) and developed into ‘to be cooked’, etc. in the context of food preparation (cf. Hitt. zē‑/ziya-^(MP) ‘to be cooked’, etc.) and, on the other hand, developed into ‘to rest’ in the remainder of Indo-European. The latter development is attested, e.g., in Gk. παῦλα ‘rest, pause’ (S.+) besides παύω ‘to bring to an end’ (cf. Rieken 2019b:313), the former, viz. ‘to come to an end’ > ‘to be cooked’, “easily explains the telic default aspectual construal that zē-^a(ri) shows in Hittite texts” (Inglese 2020a:320). If this etymology is correct, PIE *k^u̯i̯eh₁- ‘to come to an end; (Core IE) to rest’ is another example of Anatolian preserving an older root meaning compared to the other IE branches.Cf. similarly PAnat. *pek^u̯- ‘to crush’.

Rieken 2019b:312f. identifies the root that is connected with PAnat. *zéh₁‑/*zih₁‑´ ‘to come to an end’ as PIE *k^u̯i̯eh₁- ‘to come to an end’ (LIV²:393; on the meaning, cf. above). Based on the fullgrade formation Lat. quiēs ‘rest’ and the zerograde in Arm. han-gč‘im ‘to breath, rest’, the phonological shape of the root, including the fullgrade II, is certainly reconstructable.For the phonological developments in Anatolian that are implied by this etymology, cf. above sub PAnat. Reconstruction and esp. Rieken 2019b:313–315.

[A.O.]