/ist(a)ratt(a)-/, (THRONUS)i-sà-tara/i-tá-
‘throne’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, neuter
- ID
- 1459
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/ist(a)ratt(a)-/, (THRONUS)i-sà-tara/i-tá-
‘throne’1.1.1Transmission
The lexeme is attested twelve times in the HLuw. corpus, and the relevant texts originate form different regions from Konya in the west to Maraş and Malatya in the centre and Cilicia and Commagene in the south and east. With respect to dating, the inscriptions range from the late 13th century to the early 7th century BCE.
[AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom./acc. sg. | /ist(a)rattan=za/ | (THRONUS)i-sà-tara/i-tá-za | BOYBEYPINARI 1, §1 (Commagene) |
| i-sà-tara/i-ta-za | BOYBEYPINARI 1, §5 (Commagene) | ||
| BOYBEYPINARI 2, §5 (Commagene) | |||
| BOYBEYPINARI 2, §15 (Commagene) | |||
| dat./loc. sg. | /ist(a)ratti/ | (THRONUS)i-sà-tara/i-ti-i | MARAŞ 1, §3 (Maraş) |
| (“THRONUS”)i-sà-tara/i-tí-i | KARATEPE 1 Ho., §16 (Cilicia) | ||
| (“THRONUS”)i-sà-tara/i-ti | KARATEPE 1 Hu., §16 (Cilicia) | ||
| MARAŞ 4, §17 (Maraş) | |||
| THRONUS-tara/i-ti | IZGIN 1, §2 (Malatya) | ||
| SOL2.THRONUS | KARKAMIŠ A21, §4 (Karkamiš) | ||
| THRONUS? | YALBURT frag. 2, §2 | ||
| YALBURT frag. 2, §3 |
In MARAŞ 4, §17, Hawkins 2000a:257 reads 〈(“THRONUS”)i-sà-tara/i-ti-i〉, i.e. with an additional sign 〈i〉 at the end, but neither the photograph nor the autograph show any traces of such a sign.
[AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this word is fairly certain, as the word belongs to the family around */is-/ ‘to sit’, although the strictures of the HLuw. writing system mean that it is not clear if the first /a/ in /ist(a)ratt(a)-/ is real or not. Earlier interpretations saw the noun as /istarta-/ (thus e.g. Melchert 2004d:273), but a syncope to /istratt(a)-/ is quite possible.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
Clear from an early stage, the semantic interpretation of this lexeme is assisted by the frequent use of the very pictographic logogram THRONUS (sign *294) either as a determinative or substituting one or more syllabograms. The logogram also serves to tie the word to its family, cf. e.g. Hawkins, Morpurgo Davies & Neumann 1973a:45f. In addition to that, the word is attested in the bilingual inscription KARATEPE 1, which facilitated a general interpretation early on (see Bossert 1949a:105). Later Bossert 1959a:62-64 discussed the meaning of the word In accordance with the sign readings common at the time, he cites the word as “assara(n)d/t-”. in detail in the context of several inscriptions. This meaning has been accepted ever since, cf. e.g. Hawkins & Morpurgo Davies 1978a:107.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The lexeme is based on the root */is-/ (thus already Hawkins & Morpurgo Davies 1978a:107 However, the remainder of their analysis is outdated; see instead Oettinger 2004g:490 and Melchert 2014f:254.), which can be found in a number of derivations in the HLuw. lexicon, such as /isan-/ ‘couch, bed?’, /ist(a)ral-/ ‘chair’, and /isnuwa-(i)/ ‘to seat, settle’. Attached to the root are two suffixes, viz. /-tar-/ (possibly then syncopated to /-tr-/, see Melchert 2003b:196) and /-att(a)-/, forming neuter nouns, cf. Starke 1990a:416-418.
The attestations of this word in the BOYBEYPINARI inscriptions served to securely identify the ubiquitous HLuw. neuter particle /=sa, =za/ that attaches to nom./acc. sg. n. forms, see van den Hout 1984a:73f.
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head see CLuw. /is-(ti)/.
ištardalla/i-