/tiyari(ya)-/, (LITUUS)ti-ia+ra/i-
‘to guard, watch over’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 3968
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/tiyari(ya)-/, (LITUUS)ti-ia+ra/i-
‘to guard, watch over’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested five times in inscriptions from Karkamiš, Assur, the Amuq and Tabal, dating to the 8th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| 3sg. pres. ind. act. | /tiyariti/ | ti-ia+ra/i-ti | KULULU 5, §13 (Tabal) |
| 3pl. pres. ind. act. | /tiyariyanti/ | (LITUUS)ti-ia-ri+i-ia[-ti?]-i | TELL TAYINAT 2, line 5, 12 §ii (Amuq) |
| 3sg. pret. ind. act. | /tiyaritta/ | (LITUUS)ti-ia+ra/i-tax | TOPADA, §16 (Tabal) |
| [(…)]ti-i+a-ta | KARKAMIŠ A21, §11 (Karkamiš) | ||
| unknown | /tiyari-…/ | (LITUUS)ti-[ia]-ri+i-[...] | ASSUR letters f+g, §50 (Assur) |
Sasseville 2021a:145 is hesitant about including the attestation at TELL TAYINAT 2, line 5, §ii in the forms for the present lexeme and instead suggests that it may be a separate, albeit related, word because the context of attestation is too fragmented for a reliable assessment. However, until definite proof can support this hypothesis, the form is included here.
For the inclusion of KARKAMIŠ A21, §11 in the above forms and its lack of 〈+ra/i〉, see Hawkins 2000a:161f.
[A.P.] [AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this verb is reasonably secure, because the HLuw. spelling leaves little doubt over it. Only the shape of the stem-final syllable shows variation, since some forms attest to /tiyari-/, whereas others appear to be /tiyariya-/. It may be related to the CLuw. neuter noun tiyarit-, but this remains uncertain; cf. under lemma.
The word belongs to the group of verbs using LITUUS (sign *378) as a logographic determinative, cf. Hawkins 1980dfor a study of that group.
[AH.B.]