/anta/, a-tá
‘also’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- adv
- ID
- 3445
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/anta/, a-tá
‘also’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested eight times in inscriptions from Hama, Maraş, Assur and Tabal, dating between the first half of the 10th and the late 8th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| indecl. | /anta/ | a-tá | HAMA 5, §3 (Hama) |
| HAMA 1, §4 (Hama) | |||
| HAMA 7, §4 (Hama) | |||
| HAMA 2, §4 (Hama) | |||
| a-ta | ASSUR letter e, §23 (Assur) | ||
| KIRŞEHİR, §14 (Tabal) | |||
| ta | KULULU 4, §2 (Tabal) | ||
| ta? | MARAŞ 8, §3 (Maraş) |
The recognition of this lexeme follows Meriggi 1967b:18f. and Yakubovich 2002a:209. Intermittently, attestations were either counted as instances of /anta/ ‘in(to)’ or found to be inexplicable (see e.g. the remarks on KULULU 4, §2 by Hawkins 2000a:446).In KULULU 4, §2, the logogram NEPOS belongs to §1, and §2 begins with 〈ta-ha-wa/i-mu …〉, i.e. /(an)ta=ha=wa=mu …/ ‘and myself also (the sun-god’s (devotee))’.
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this lexeme is reasonably certain, see already Meriggi 1967b:18f. (followed by Yakubovich 2002a:209) connecting it to the adverb /anta/ ‘in(to)’ and thus to CLuw. anda ‘in(to)’, Hittite anda ‘in; in addition’ (cf. HED A:76f.), and Palaic =anda. Since the word invariably functions as the anchor of the clause-initial clitic chain in all attestations known to date, it must be orthotonic. Provided the word is correctly identified also in KULULU 4, §2 (cf. the citation under Forms), and MARAŞ 8, §3, the aphaeresis of the first syllable suggests that the stress lies on the second syllable.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning ‘also, in addition’ was first suggested by Meriggi 1967b:18f. in the context of the HAMA inscriptions, where it is used to introduce a final bit of additional information, e.g. in HAMA 7, §4: a-tá-ha!-wa/i ha!-ma-ia+ra/i-sa(REGIO), approx. /anta=ha=wa Hamayaras/, meaning ‘(I myself built this fortress, which the Lebanese river-land made, and the Tuhayatta,) and also the Hamayara’ (cf. Yakubovich 2002a:209, contra Hawkins 2000a:413). Similar semantics can be observed in KIRŞEHİR, §14:a-ta-wa/i-ta Isà-kwa/i-sà-ni-sà tu-wa/i+ra/i, approx. /anta=wa=tta Sakwasanis tuwadi/, meaning ‘(And as you said:) Also, Sakwasani (is) at your place. (I will not hurry)’ (pace Akdoğan & Hawkins 2010a:4, 8).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The word is fully cognate with the adverb HLuw. /anta/ ‘in(to)’ and thus morphologically identical. It may perhaps show a different stress pattern, cf. the remarks above, but this cannot be verified at present.
[AH.B.]