/(a)liwannid-/, (VIR2)ali-wa/i-ní-
‘enemy force’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, n.
- ID
- 3211
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/(a)liwannid-/, (VIR2)ali-wa/i-ní-
‘enemy force’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested seven times in inscription from Emirgazi and Konya, dating to the 13th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom./acc. sg. | /(a)liwanni=sa/ | (VIR2)a?li-wa/i-ní-sa | YALBURT frag. D, §2 (Konya) |
| YALBURT frag. 3, §3 (Konya) | |||
| YALBURT frag. 3, §5 (Konya) | |||
| YALBURT frag. 3, §8 (Konya) | |||
| (VIR2)a?li-wa/i-ní-s[a] | YALBURT frag. 1, §7 (Konya) | ||
| (VIR2)[ali-]wa/i-x | EMİRGAZİ 2, §10 (Emirgazi) | ||
| a?li-wa/i-ní-x | YALBURT frag. E, §2a (Konya) |
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this noun is provisional. The shape /aliwannid-/ and was suggested by Yakubovich 2008b:12f. with a reinterpretation of the form, cf. the discussion of the meaning below. For the sign *416, Yakubovich assumes a syllabic reading 〈ali〉, but Melchert 2018a:231 doubts the disyllabic value and instead suggests a reading /liwannid-/ ‘troops’.
A neuter stem in /-d-/, the endingless nom./acc. sg. shows the usual deletion of the final stop and the addition of the neuter marker /-sa, -za/, cf. Melchert 2003b:186f. and Yakubovich 2008b:4.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The lexeme was long taken for a title (for which see Hawkins 1995a:26-28 with references), but underwent reinterpretation by Yakubovich 2008b as a neuter noun meaning ‘enemy force’ vel sim. E.g. YALBURT frag. 3, §5 reads: a-wa/i-mi (VIR2)ali-wa/i-ní-sa mu-wa/i-ha, approx. /a=wa=mi aliwanni=sa muwahha/, meaning ‘I myself conquered the enemy force’ (see Yakubovich 2008b:3, cf. Hawkins 1995a:71, 79f.).
Melchert 2018a:238 and Melchert 2019b:369f. instead suggests ‘troops’, rejecting the notion that the word always describes an enemy force and following the contextual interpretations by Morpurgo Davies 2011a:110 n. 16 and Weeden 2014a:54 incl. n. 130 and 131.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
A neuter gender noun, the word is a formation in /-id-/, deriving from the also attested noun /aliwann(i)-, alunn(i)-/ ‘enemy, envious person’, possibly from when the latter was still an adjective */aliwanna/i-/, thus Rieken apud Yakubovich 2008b:15f.
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head see HLuw. */ala/i-/.