/im(ma)ni-(ti)/, (OCCIDENS)i-ma-ni-
‘to topple (?)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 3636
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/im(ma)ni-(ti)/, (OCCIDENS)i-ma-ni-
‘to topple (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested five times in inscriptions from Commagene and Tabal, dating from the late 9th to the late 8th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| 3sg. pres. act. | /im(ma)nitti/ | (OCCIDENS)i-ma-ni-ti | BOYBEYPINARI 1, §7 (Commagene) |
| BOYBEYPINARI 2, §11 (Commagene) | |||
| ˹(OCCIDENS)˺[i-ma-ni-t]i | ADIYAMAN 1, §4 (Commagene) | ||
| i-ma-ni-ti | ANCOZ 7, §11 (Commagene) | ||
| 3sg. pret. act. | /im(ma)nitta/ | ˹x˺-ma-ni-ta | İSTANBUL 2, A1 (Tabal) |
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this word is provisional, because a lack of direct cognates in the other Anatolian languages leaves the status of the /a/ open, i.e. whether it is real or only mandated by the writing system.
The use of the logogram OCCIDENS (sign *379) provides a graphemic link to the word family around /ibam(i)-/ ‘west’, but while a semantic connection is likely (cf. CLuw. ipama/i- ‘sinister (?)’), an etymological one remains unclear, unless one were to assume an assimilation of earlier */ibmani-/ > /immani-/; cf. CLuw. zamman-.
[AH.B.] [E.R.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning is assigned tentatively, following Yakubovich 2017e. From the contexts of attestation, it is clear that the verb denotes a negative action, because it is exclusive to the protases of curse formulae and concerns the ill-treatment of chairs and tables, see already Hawkins 1980d:142. Thus e.g. ANCOZ 7, §11 reads: ni-pa-wa/i-tà a-tá i-ma-ni-ti, approx. /niba=wa=ada anta im(ma)nitti/, translating as ‘(Or who smashes them), or topples (?) them over, (or removes the place)’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:357). More textual data are required to elucidate the meaning further.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The verb likely belongs to the stems in /-i-(ti)/, deriving from an unattested base */im(ma)n-/, see Sasseville 2021a:141f.
[AH.B.]