/harwa(n)t(i)-?/, VIA-wa/i-ta-
‘road (?), traveller (?)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst
- ID
- 3037
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/harwa(n)t(i)-?/, VIA-wa/i-ta-
‘road (?), traveller (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested three times in inscriptions from the Amuq, dating presumably to the 8th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| dat./loc. pl. | /harwa(n)tanza/ | VIA-wa/i-ta-za | TELL TAYINAT 2, l. 2.7 (Amuq) |
| VIA-wa/i-ta-z[a] | TELL TAYINAT 2, l. 2.6 (Amuq) | ||
| (“VIA”)ha+ra/i-w[a/i]-ta-z[a] | JISR EL HADID 4, §4 (Amuq) |
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this word is reasonably secure, because it belongs to the word family around /harwa-/ ‘road’ and has cognates in CLuw. ḫaruwa- ‘path’ and related words. Hawkins 1975a:151 tentatively considered a graphemically invisible nasal as part of the stem, i.e. /harwant(i)-/, which is possible, but cf. the discussion of the stem below.
The logogram VIA (sign *221) is present throughout the family and helps to tie it together.
[AH.B.] [A.P.]
1.1.4Meaning
Various meanings have been suggested for this word, among them ‘traveller’ (Dinçol, Dinçol, Hawkins & Peker 2014a:65) and ‘road’ (Hawkins 2000a:370, 373).Note that Hawkins conflates here the present lexeme with the noun /harwa-/ ‘road’. Because the contexts of attestation are either severely fragmented or semantically indecisive, the meaning of the noun cannot be fully determined, until further textual evidence has surfaced. JISR EL HADID 4, §4 reads: (“VIA”)ha+ra/i-w[a/i]-ta-z[a]-pa-wa/i-tu-ta za-a x-ha, approx. /harwattanz=ba=wa=du za …-ha/, meaning ‘I …-ed this (scil. the following) to/from/for the roads/travellers (?) for him: (one ram will fall to/for the storm-god Tarhunt)’ (cf. Dinçol, Dinçol, Hawkins & Peker 2014a:63f.).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
While the status of the word as a noun is beyond question, its grammatical gender is not clear from the attestations. However, if the analysis as an adjective in /-nt(i)-/, later substantivized, should be correct, it is probably a common gender, cf. Melchert 2003b:196. The derivational base seems to be the noun /harwa-/ ‘road’, which renders a typically deverbal nt-participle as suggested by Hawkins 1975a:151 and others rather unlikely,Dinçol, Dinçol, Hawkins & Peker 2014a:65 assume an unattested verb */harwai-/ as an intermediate step. but a possessive nt-stem is still possible and could have formed the basis for the likewise attested /harwa(n)tahid-/ (cf. the Modern English derivational string road → roadie → roadying ‘act of being a roadie’).
[AH.B.]
1.1.6Compounds
For the lemma head, see /harwa-/.