qe(si)=k
‘of any/whatever kind (vel sim.)’
- Language
- Lydian
- Grammar
- pron
- ID
- 3027
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Lydian
qe(si)=k
‘of any/whatever kind (vel sim.)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is found in a variety of inscriptions, all found Sardis and datable between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE.
[I.Y.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom./acc. sg. n. | qed=k | LW 11.6 (Sardis) | |
| LW 24.6 (Sardis) | |||
| dat. sg. | qelλ=k | LW 1.7 (Sardis) | |
| LW 1.9 (Sardis) | |||
| LW 5.5 (Sardis) | |||
| LW 24.10 (Sardis) |
The formal relationship between qed=k and qelλ=k is based on non-trivial derivational assumptions, as discussed below in this lemma.; cf. the stance of Gusmani 1964a:180-184, who treats qelλ=k together with qesi- but formally separates qed(=k), although stressing that there is some connection between all these stems. The strongest argument for such a connection is, of course, their complementary distribution (cf. further under qe(si)-).
[I.Y.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The assumption of the stem qed ‘of what kind’ receives independent confirmation from the forms qed=k=τ=ad (LW 11.6) and qed=k=mλ (LW 24.6). Since the final -d normally disappears before the pronominal suffix =k as well as the clitic =k (Gérard 2005a:77), one has to reconstruct here *qedVd=k before cluster simplification and syncope (Yakubovich 2019c:308, n.12).
[I.Y.]
1.1.4Meaning
Some forms of qe(si)=k and qi=k are grouped into one paradigm in Gusmani 1964a:182, and there is indeed no doubt that qe(si)=k is related to qe(si)- in the same way as qi=k is related to qi-. All the contexts featuring qe(si)=k are compatible with its function as free-choice pronoun or polarity items (Sideltsev & Yakubovich 2016a:99f.); for structural considerations that prompt the same interpretation, cf. under qi=k ‘any’. If the base qe(si)- means ‘of which kind’, then the derivative qe(si)=k must mean ‘of any kind, of whatever kind’.
[I.Y.]
1.1.5Stem
See under qe(si)-. For the formation of the dative form qelλ=k and parallels in other Lydian stems, cf. Yakubovich 2019c:307-310. The lexeme qe(si)=k represents a combination of the inflected pronoun qe(si)- and the indeclinable extension =k, which is etymologically related to the clitic =k ‘and’.
[I.Y.]