punãmad(i)-

This lexeme is found in a grave inscription.

[D.S.]

gen. adj. acc. sg. c.

punamaθθi

TL 6.3 (Karmylessos)

For the grammatical analysis see under Meaning.

[D.S.]

The Lycian word punamaθθi occurs in a curse formula of a grave inscription. The Greek version of the bilingual inscription has the sentence ἐξώλεα [κ]αὶ πανώλεα εἴη ἀοτῶι πάντων ‘elimination and extermination of everything belonging to him’ rendering Lyc. me=ịj̣ẹ ṭụḅeịt­̣i punamaθθi. Christiansen (forthcoming) interprets punamaθθi rightly as the direct object of the verb tubeiti and translates ‘they will destroy everything belonging to him’, which is in harmony with the Greek translation (outdated Schürr 1997b:64f.). The morphematic meaning of punamaθθe/i- should be punãmad(i)- ‘totality’ → punamaθθe/i- (< *punamadahe/i-) ‘of the totality’ → subs. ‘that which is of the totality = everything’. The substantivization in the common gender for such semantics is unexpected, since one would expect the neuter to be used. Nevertheless, this remains the best way to interpret the sentence. Contra Melchert (DLL:53), who takes punamaθθi as nominative singular, which would leave the transitive verb tub(e)i-^(di) ‘to keep striking, to destroy’ without a direct object.

[D.S.]

The stem punãmad(i)- c. is set by default, since it could simply be a collective formation in -ada, i.e. punãmada; cf. Lyc. B punãmadedi, which could be an ablative/instrumental of a stem in -ad(i)- or -ada. Its derivational base is punãma- ‘totality’. Melchert 1999e:370 argues that original n-stems build their collectives with the suffix -ada following Starke 1990a:299 in taking punãma- as an original n-stem. However, the prime example used for this reasoning is no longer tenable; see under hrm̃ma- c. ‘temenos’ and the discussion under the derivational base punãma- c.

[D.S.]

This lexeme is attested on the inscribed pillar of Xanthos dated shortly after the ascension of Artaxerxes II in 405-404 BCE.

[D.S.]

abl./instr.

punãmadedi

TL 44d.64 (Xanthos)

The emendation of Schürr 2005a:148 from punãmadedi to punãmades^!i to obtain agreement with the following word asanãmla nom. sg. c. is very tentative. Until a better understanding of the context is reached, no emendation should be dared.

[D.S.]

The word punãmadedi occurs right after the sentence urtuz marãz trbbẽniti nekm͂mẽti ‘he will no longer oppose himself to the great laws’ and before the noun asanãmla- ‘distributor, lord’, which may belong to the next sentence. Formally, it is an ablative-instrumental meaning ‘by means of the totality, from the totality’ (vel sim.) (DLL:126).

[D.S.]

For the morphological analysis of the stem see under the Lycian A lexeme.

[D.S.]

For the base of the derivative see Lyc. A punãma-.