/aralla(/i)-/, (“INFANS.NI”)á-lá/í-la-
‘companion’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, c.
- ID
- 3335
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/aralla(/i)-/, (“INFANS.NI”)á-lá/í-la-
‘companion’1.1.1Transmission
This hapax is attested in a single inscription from Karkamiš, dating to c. 800 BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| dat./loc. pl. | /arallanz/ | (“INFANS.NI”)á-lá/í-la-za | KARKAMIŠ A15b, §16 (Karkamiš) |
Another previously included attestation at KARKAMIŠ A6, §19 (see Rieken & Yakubovich 2010a:214) has since been reassigned to HLuw. /arla-/ ‘pedestal, altar’.
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this word was proposed by Rieken & Yakubovich 2010a:214 in the context of the reinterpretation of the signs *319 and *172 as 〈la/i〉 and 〈lá/í〉 respectively. In a late inscription such as KARKAMIŠ A15b, rhotacism of intervocalic /d, l/ and subsequent hypercorrect spellings are not at all rare, and future finds may well bring to light further attestations of this word spelt with the expected sign 〈+ra/i〉.
Regarding the determinative 〈(“INFANS.NI”)〉, Rieken & Yakubovich 2010a:214 point out that it usually goes with the kinship terms ‘child’ and ‘son’ (see the lemmata HLuw. /niwarann(i)-/ and HLuw. /nimuwizza-/ resp.), but should in this case probably be seen as a sign for close association with the ruler.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning ‘companion’ is proposed by Rieken & Yakubovich 2010a:214, based on comparison with Hittite arā- ‘colleague, associate’ and its word family. They hypothesise that the term may have been used as a rank or status designation at court. KARKAMIŠ A15b, §16 reads: wa/i-ta (“INFANS.NI”)á-lá/í-la-za a-ta sa-sa-ha, approx. /wa=ada=tta arallanz anta sassahha/, translating as ‘(And I brought up his younger brothers), and I admitted them to (the status of?) companions’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:131, Rieken & Yakubovich 2010a:214).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
Since the present word applies to human beings, it is likely a common gender noun, although the only attested form does not permit a sure identification. It appears to be a stem in /-alla/i-/ deriving from the same base as the also attested adverb /ara/ ‘right’. Originally an adjective, the form /aralla(/i)-/ was later substantivized, and the resulting noun likely shows i-mutation, although more paradigmatic data are needed to prove that point.
[AH.B.]