/tuwadi/, tu-wa/i-ri+i
‘from/at your (sg.) place (?)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- adv
- ID
- 2994
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/tuwadi/, tu-wa/i-ri+i
‘from/at your (sg.) place (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested twice in inscriptions from Assur and Tabal, dating to the late 8th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| indecl. | /tuwadi/ | tu-wa/i-ri+i | ASSUR letter f+g, §10 (Assur) |
| tu-wa/i+ra/i | KIRŞEHİR lead strip, §14 (Tabal) |
In their edition princeps of the KIRŞEHİR letter, Akdoğan & Hawkins 2010a:8 attribute the form at §14 to the verb /tu(wa)-(ti)/ ‘to put’, which is phonologically impossible, see the discussions below.
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
Since the word is attested twice in fully syllabic spelling, its phonological interpretation appears to be reasonably certain when aligned with the putative etymological connection to the personal pronoun /ti/ ‘you (sg.)’, see Oshiro 2000a:190f. and also the discussion of the stem below. The form shows rhotacism in its ending, which is most probably /-adi/.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning of this word was first suggested by Oshiro 2000a:190f. in the context of the ASSUR letter f+g, where he connected it convincingly to the paradigm of the 2sg. personal pronoun /ti/ ‘you’.Note that at the time, the word /hattura-/ was still thought to mean ‘letter’ and/or ‘to write’. See Waal 2021a for a new appraisal; the clause now translates as ‘Now, there is no (mention of) health/life to us from your place!’. In KIRŞEHİR lead strip, §14 runs: a-ta-wa/i-ta Isà-kwa/i-sà-ni-sà tu-wa/i+ra/i, approx. /anta=wa=tta Sakwasanis tuwadi/, probably meaning ‘Also, Sakwasani (is) at your place, (so I shall not hurry)’ (cf. Akdoğan & Hawkins 2010a:8).Note that the authors assume the form to be */tuwada/, taking it to be the rhotacised 3sg. pret. ind. act. of the verb /tu(wa)-(i)/ ‘to put’. However, that verb has since been shown to take unlenited endings, rendering their analysis impossible.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The word is used adverbially and probably represents the abl./instr. of the oblique stem /tu-/ of the 2sg. personal pronoun /ti/ ‘you’ (see Oshiro 2000a:190f., followed e.g. by Hackstein 2007a:137). Yakubovich 2015b:6.4 points out that the form may also be a direct adverbial formation, comparable to /zadi/ ‘here’, and that the actual abl./instr. of the pronoun could be quite different.Cf. the rather different abl./instr. of the demonstrative pronoun /za-/ ‘this’ and /aba-/ ‘that’: /zin/ and /apin/, for which see Goedegebuure 2007a. Further textual evidence is needed.
[AH.B.]