/m(amman)nassa-(i)/, LITUUS-sà-
‘to regard (?)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 2795
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/m(amman)nassa-(i)/, LITUUS-sà-
‘to regard (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This hapax is attested in a single inscription from the Amuq, dating to the 9th or 8th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| 3pl. pret. act. | /m(amman)nassanta/ | LITUUS-sà-ta | JISR EL HADID frag. 3, §b (Amuq) |
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this form as /mammannassa-/ is to be regarded as tentative, suggested as such by Hawkins 2000a:380, who adduces the somewhat unclear form CLuw. 〈ma-ma-na-sa-ti〉 at KUB 37.1 i 16 (see CLL:134). Since the spelling of the attestation at JISR EL HADID frag. 3, §b is largely logographic and does not involve a doubling of LITUUS (as is the case with the reduplicated verb /mammanna-(i)/ ‘to see, behold’), alternative interpretations should be considered as well. The most straightforward shape would be /m(a)nassa-/, cf. the discussion of the stem below.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
This verb is attested only once in the HLuw. corpus in a fragmented inscription. The semantic assignment is therefore to be understood as provisional. The broken context at JISR EL HADID frag. 3, §b reads: […] LEPUS+ra/i-ia-li-zi LITUUS-sà-ta, approx. /… tabariyallinzi mammannassanta/, perhaps translating as ‘The rulers regarded …’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:379). With further textual evidence surfacing, the meaning may be further refined.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The verb appears to belong to the class in /-ssa-(i)/, which can be used to derive imperfectives from already existing verbs, cf. Sasseville 2021a:488-490. Since the remainder of the stem is obscured by the logographic spelling, the derivational base remains unclear until further evidence has been found. For a base, the attested verbs /m(a)na-/ ‘to see, look upon’ and /mammanna-(i)/ ‘to see, behold’ represent possible options, with the former being perhaps rather more likely due to the spelling, whereas the latter is perhaps more probable due to the reduplication, which is prominent within this class. Alternatively, an otherwise unattested verb belonging to the same family might be considered, e.g. */mamma-/.
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head see HLuw. /m(a)na-(di)/.