tiwariya-
‘the one related to the sun, sun-flower’
- Language
- Cuneiform Luwian
- Grammar
- subst
- ID
- 2675
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Luwian in Hittite transmission
tiwariya-
‘the one related to the sun, sun-flower’1.1.1Transmission
All attestations come from duplicates of a single passage in the Maštigga ritual belonging to the Kizzuwatna tradition (from MS onwards).
[E.R.]
1.1.2Forms
| stem form | ti-wa-ri-ia | KBo 2.3 iii 40 | (CTH 404, NS) |
| KUB 58.98 iii 4’ | (CTH 404, NS) | ||
| KBo 53.27 iii 49 | (CTH 404, NS) | ||
| ti-⸢wa-ri⸣-ia | KBo 39.8 iv 17 | (CTH 404, MS) |
GIŠti-i-w[a(-) at KUB 44.60 ii 12’ is tentatively and somewhat arbitrarily assigned to the lemma of tiwali-SAR here, but see the hesitation in HEG T:395 and 397).
[E.R.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv, except for ti-wa-ri-ia at KBo 2.3 iii 40.
[E.R.]
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The medial -r- has been assumed to be the result of an early rhotacism of intervocalic -d- (in /tiwad-V-/, see below) by Popko 1984a, CLL:229, Rieken 1999a:469, Melchert 1994a:237 and Melchert 2003b:173, and Goedegebuure 2010b:77, whereas Starke 1990a:147 assumes a dissimilation of the second dental (followed in Oettinger 1994a:313, HEG Š:1099f., DCL:s.v.). Only Yakubovich 2010d:35 considers tiwariya- < tiwaliya-, the -l-/-r- variance forming an isogloss common to Empire Luwian and Hieroglyphic Luwian.
[E.R.]
1.1.4Meaning
The context (39)nu MUNUSšu.gi Dutu-wa-aš ⸢ú-el-ku⸣ da-⸢a⸣-[i] (40)na-at-za ti-wa-ri-ia ḫal-zi-iš-ša-i “The ‘Old Woman’ takes the plant of the Sun-god, and she calls it ‘tiwariya’” (KBo 2.3 ii 39f.) confirms the expected connection of tiwariya with the Luwian name of the Sun-god DTiwat- /tiwad-/ (Popko 1984a, Miller 2004a:123; outdated Rosenkranz 1948a:252). Accordingly, some authors regarded tiwariya as a variant of tiwaliya and translated both literally as a relational adjective ‘related to the Sun-god’ or the former a plant-name ‘sun-flower’ (Meriggi 1962c:108, Starke 1990a:375 n. 1353, EDHIL:766, Goedegebuure 2010b:77, Yakubovich 2010d:35, HEG Š:1099f.; still without translation DLL:98; HED SE, SI, SU:106: ‘divine’). For a preferable analysis of tiwaliya, see under Lemma.
[E.R.]
1.1.5Stem
Irrespective of the phonological details, there is a general consensus that tiwariya derives from the divine name DTiwat- by means of the relational suffix -i(ya)- (for references, see under Meaning), although it was clearly substantivized.
[E.R.]
1.1.6Origin
The Luwian origin commonly assumed for the word is already demonstrated by the exclusively Luwian base DTiwat- (for references see under Meaning and DLL:98; different Weitenberg 1984a:178), moreover, Maštigga, the ritualist from Kizzuwatna, uses a different word to refer to the plant called Dutu-waš welku in Hittite (see Popko 1984a and Melchert 2005a:450).
[E.R.]
For the lemma head see CLuw. *tiw-.