tāzzu-
‘to take’
- Language
- Palaic
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 2558
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Palaic
tāzzu-
‘to take’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested within the incantations of the festival for the Palaic pantheon.
[D.S.]
1.1.2Forms
| 3pl. pret. ind. act. | ta-a-az-zu-un-ta | KUB 35.165 obv. 9 | (CTH 751, OS or MS) |
| 2sg. impv. act. | ta-a-az-zu | KUB 35.165 rev. 8’ | (CTH 751, OS or MS) |
| ta-a-zu | KUB 35.165 rev. 8’ | (CTH 751, OS or MS) | |
| [ta-a-a]z-zu | KBo 62.43, 5’ | (CTH 751, NS) |
1.1.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photographs in the Konkordanz (Mainzer Fotoarchiv). For the restoration of [ta-(a)-a]z-zu in KBo 62.43, 5’ based on the assumption that it is a parallel passage to the one of KUB 35.165 rev. 8’, see the new transliteration including the new joins in Sasseville 2019a:30f.
[D.S.]
1.1.4Meaning
The verb tāzzu- is attested each time with bread or sacrificial meat as its direct object. In KUB 35.165 rev. 8’, it is used as an imperative expressed directly at any deity, who will break the afflicting curse. Subsequently, this deity will satiate his hunger. In KUB 35.165 obv. 9, the action is also performed by the gods. The suggested meaning ‘to lay’ is inadequate in this context (contra Carruba 1970a:74, Carruba 1972a:29, Melchert 1994a:194), because the gods are expected to take the bread and meat, in order to consume it, and not to place it anywhere. Also in KUB 35.165 obv. 8-9, the verb tāzzunta refers to the gods, who take the bread after having been compelled to do so in the preceding sentence a=a-pa a-ri-e ‘Pick them up!’. Thus, the other option ‘to take’ suggested by Carruba 1970a:74 is preferable, thus also Sasseville 2019a:25, 27.
[D.S.]
2. Reconstruction
2.1Reconstruction
Melchert (apud Sasseville 2019a:25 n. 13) suggests analyzing Pal. tāzzu- ‘to take’ as a late reduplicated form of *daw-/du- ‘to take’ < PIE *deh3u̯-) with palatalization of the sequence *-du(V)- > -zzu-. Although more evidence for the required sound change would be necessary, his historical interpretation looks absolutely promising and is adopted here.
[D.S.]
For the lemma head see PAnat. *dóh3-/dh3´-.
3. Proto-Indo-European
3.1Semantic Reconstruction
No formation that corresponds to Pal. tāzzu- ‘to take’ is attested, which is why no reconstruction is provided.
3.1.1Root etymology
The root presumably underlying Pal. tāzzu- ‘to take’ may be reconstructed as PIE *deh3u̯- ‘to give’ (LIV²:107). However, the evidence for this root is rather weak and the forms sub Transmission above may be explained otherwise.On the Indo-Iranian material, cf. ALF:241. On the Greek material, cf. Egetmeyer 2010a:477, 525f. On the Italic material, cf. Malzahn 2018a:84–86. On the Balto-Slavic material, cf. ALEW 2.0 s.v. dovanà (2022-04-22) and, attributing it to PIE *deh2(i̯)- ‘to separate’ (LIV²:103f.), SEJL:277.This means that the probability of the etymological interpretation of Pal. tāzzu- ‘to take’ presented above is rather low.
3.2Morphological Reconstruction
Since no reduplicated formation is attested that might correspond to Pal. tāzzu- ‘to take’, the reconstruction of the stem in question is not discussed.
3.2.1Root etymology
The evidence for a root PIE *deh3u̯- ‘to give’ (LIV²:107) is rather weak and might be explained einzelsprachlich.Cf. the references in the comment above sub Semantic reconstruction.Therefore the reconstruction of such a root for the proto-language is not secured and remains tentative. This means that the interpretation of Pal. tāzzu- ‘to take’ as continuing a reduplicated formation like *dé‑dh3u- from a root PIE *deh3u̯- ‘to give’ is speculative on comparative grounds.
[A.O.]
4. Transmission
Ved. inf. (dat.) dāváne ‘(in order) to give/receive’ (RV), Ved. dúvas- ‘gift, worship’ (RV), OAv. inf. dāuuōi ‘to give’ (hapax, Y.28.2), etc.
EWAia I:713–715, 734f., Grassmann 1996a:596, 617, EDIV:43–45, Bartholomae 1904a:711–723, ALF:241
Gk. Cypr. 3pl. aor. e-tu-wa-n(o) /eduwan/ ‘they gave’, inf. aor. to-we-na-i /dowenai/ ‘to give’ (ICS 217), to-e-na-i /doenai/ (ICS 306)According to Egetmeyer 2010a:477, there is no reason to assume the existence of the root *deh3u̯- in Cypriot Greek: /eduwan/ is from *é‑do‑an, /dowenai/ and later /doenai/ contain the infinitive suffix ‑u̯enai.
GEW I:389, GEW III:73f., DELG:281, EDG:332, Egetmeyer 2010a:477
Lat. opt. duim ‘that I give’, etc. (Plaut.+), Umbr. 3sg. impv.II purdouitu ‘he shall offer’, etc., Fal. 3sg. pres. subj. douiad ‘(s)he ought give’ (EF 1)
WH I:362f., EM:180, EDLIL:182, Untermann 2000a:613–615, Bakkum 2009a:183, Leppänen 2019a:118, Malzahn 2018a:81–87, de Melo 2007a:327–334