/salizza-(i)/, LIS-la/i/u-za-
‘to confront, to become prosecutor (?)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 2177
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/salizza-(i)/, LIS-la/i/u-za-
‘to confront, to become prosecutor (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested eight times in inscriptions from Tell Ahmar, the Amuq, Malatya, Maraş and Karkamiš dating from the 12th to the 8th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| 3pl. impv. act. | /salizzantu/ | LIS-la/i/u-za-tu | TELL TAYINAT 2, l. 5: 10a (Amuq) |
| LIS-la/i/u-za-tú | KARKAMIŠ A11a, §26 (Karkamiš) | ||
| LIS-la/i/u-za-[tu] | GÜRÜN, §7 (Malatya) | ||
| LIS-la/i/u-i-z[a...] | TELL AHMAR 3, §2 (Tell Ahmar) | ||
| LIS-z[a-t]ú-u-’ | KARKAMIŠ A14a, §9 (Karkamiš) | ||
| LIS-za-tu-u | TİLSEVET, §7 (Karkamiš) | ||
| LIS-[...] | İSKENDERUN, §7 (Maraş) | ||
| GÜRÜN, §7 (Malatya) |
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological form of this word has been subject to some discussion among scholars, just like the rest of its family as well. For the present lexeme, Marazzi 1990b:401 suggests †/zasalaza-/ following Melchert 1987a:199 n. 40, but aspects of that are outdated by now; also see the discussion around the root at HLuw. /sal(i)-/ ‘opponent, prosecutor’. At least the suffix /-zza-(i)/ is well-known from many other HLuw. verbs.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
As with the similar looking verb /salissa-(i)/ ‘to confront, to become prosecutor (?)’, the meaning of the present word has been largely clear for a long time, but its precise denotation is still debated, see e.g. Hawkins 2000a:179 (‘litigate’) and Sasseville 2021a:440, 444f. (‘to become prosecutor, to prosecute (?)’). Likewise unknown is the semantic difference between the two verbs, if any, since both usually appear in the apodoses of curse formulae. An example is TİLSEVET, §7: wa/i-tu-u DEUS-ni-zi LIS-za-tu-u, approx. /wa=du massaninzi salizzantu/, meaning ‘(He who stands aggressively towards this stele), the gods shall become prosecutors against him’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:179).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
With a stem in /-zza-(i)/, this verb is most likely a deverbal formation from an unattested stem */sali-(ti)/ (cf. Sasseville 2021a:440, 444f.). Like the suffix /-ssa-(i)/, /-zza-(i)/ can be used to build imperfectives, some with ingressive and inchoative meanings, see Yakubovich 2015b:6.5.
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head see HLuw. /sal(i)-/.