cawλo-
‘soul of the deceased (?)’
- Language
- Lydian
- Grammar
- subst, common
- ID
- 1536
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Lydian
cawλo-
‘soul of the deceased (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is found in an inscription from Sardis that has not been dated properly.
[D.S.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom. sg. | cawλos | LW 12.2 (Sardis) |
1.1.3Meaning
Gusmani 1961a:191 n. 54 (and Gusmani 1964a:89) recognizes that cawλos is the subject of the sentence and is modified by wesfas despite the discontinuous syntax, which he attributes rightly to the poetic nature of the text. He suggests tentatively that cawλo- is a kinship term, which is possible but unprovable. If we hypothetically transpose the word into Cuneiform Hittite/Luwian, we obtain an approximate equation with the existing word zawalli(ya)-, which denotes the soul of a deceased or the genius of a place (HEG W-Z:680f.). This would be appropriate in the context of a funerary stele.
Another attestation of cawλo- is found in the compound ẽn-τawλo-. Regarding the vacillation between c and τ in word-initial and word-internal position, see Sasseville 2021a:520f.
[D.S.]
1.1.4Stem
If the equation with Hitt./Luw. zawalli(ya)- is correct, a Lydian derivative in -o- must be posited. On the origin of Lydian nominal o-stems, see Sasseville 2021a:180-183.
[D.S.]