/hantawattahid-/, REX-ta-hi-
‘kingdom, kingship’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 1123
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/hantawattahid-/, REX-ta-hi-
‘kingdom, kingship’1.1.1Transmission
This lemma is attested three times in the HLuw. corpus. The inscription from Tell Ahmar dates to the late 10th or early 9th century BCE, whereas the one from Cilicia was created much later, probably in the early 7th century BCE.
[AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom./acc. sg. | /hantawattahi=sa/ | REX-ta-hi-sa | KARATEPE 1 Ho., §73 (Cilicia) |
| REX-hi-sá | KARATEPE 1 Hu., §73 (Cilicia) | ||
| dat./loc. sg. | /hantawattahidi/ | REX-˹tá?˺-hi-tì | ALEPPO 2, §4 (Tell Ahmar) |
For the reading of sign *41 as 〈tì〉 instead of 〈tà〉 here, see Simon 2019f:326f.
[AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
With no fully syllabically spelt attestations, the phonological interpretation of this lemma relies mainly upon the evidence for other words from the same family, particularly /hantawatt(i)-/ ‘king’, see under lemma, but it receives substantial support from a full cognate in CLuw. ḫandawadaḫit- ‘kingship’ (Melchert 1993g:52). The attested forms provide some additional evidence, because they document the suffix /-ahid-/, including the explicit use of 〈tà, tì〉 for the value /d/ in ALEPPO 2, §4 (cf. Rieken 2008b:642 and Simon 2019f:326f.).
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
Because it appears in the Karatepe bilingual inscription, the meaning of the present lexeme was clear at an early stage, representing as it does the HLuw. equivalent for Phoenician h-mmlkt ‘that kingdom’, cf. Meriggi 1962b:174 and later Steinherr 1974b:120. Formed with the well-known /-ahid-/ suffix, it constitutes an abstract noun, and the meaning ‘kingdom’ can therefore be taken as assured.
In ALEPPO 2, §4, Hawkins & Morpurgo Davies 1979a:401 (and later also Hawkins 2000a:236f.) translate /hantawattahid-/ as ‘kingship’ in za-a-zi-pa-wa/i-mu DEUS-ni-zi REX-˹tá?˺-hi-tà CUM-ni PES2.PES2-tà-ti-i, i.e. /zanzi=ba=wa=mu massaninzi hantawattahida anni PES2.PES2-danti/ ‘these gods will walk with me for kingship’, which is contextually possible, but not absolutely necessary, because ‘kingdom’ is also possible here; the meaning ‘kingship’ is hence tentative. The interpretation offered by Starke 1990a:48 n. 85 is unlikely and was already refuted in Hawkins 2000a:237.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
An abstract noun, the present lemma is derived from the noun /hantawatt(i)-/ ‘king’ with the suffix /-ahid-/ (already identified by Friedrich 1960a:186), which forms neuter nouns. Its neuter gender is visible in the attestations from Cilicia, which both show the neuter particle /-sa, -za/ attached to the nom./acc. sg. forms.
[AH.B.]
For the derivational base see HLuw. /hantawatt(i)-/.