/zantanta/
‘down (?)’
- Language
- Common Luwian
- Grammar
- adv
- ID
- 869
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/zantanta/, INFRA-tá-ta
‘down (?)’1.1.1Transmission
The three attestations of this lexeme all originate from Tabal and date to the second half of the 8th century BCE.
[AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
| indecl. | /zantanta/ | INFRA-tá-ta | AKSARAY, §6 (Tabal) |
| CUM-tax-tax | TOPADA, §12 (Tabal) | ||
| INFRA?-tax-tax | TOPADA, §23 (Tabal) |
The sign used in TOPADA, §12, i.e. CUM (*58) instead of INFRA (*57), is clearly legible on the inscription, but likely constitutes a mistake on part of the scribe, as the two signs are differentiated merely by the addition of a small LITUUS sign, which resembles a shepherd’s rod, to the top part of sign *57, see the discussion in Hawkins 2000a:456.
[AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this lexeme relies heavily on the reading proposed for HLuw. /zanta/, on which it is based, see under lemma. The addition of two TA signs as phonetic complements strongly points towards seeing this as a further adverbial formation in /-(a)nta/, known from other HLuw. words and cognate with Hittite formations in -anda (cf. Oshiro 1986a:81 and EDHIL:463).
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
While the close relationship of /zantanta/ and /zanta/ ‘down’ is evident, its precise meaning is less so, because the relevant contexts are difficult to interpret. For AKSARAY, §6, Hawkins 2000a:476f. follows Poetto 1982a:281 and translates the verb phrase INFRA-tá-ta OCULUS(-)zá-ni-ta as ‘(they) admired’ (lit. ‘looked up from below’). Evidence possibly supporting this may come from TOPADA, but the entire inscription is largely ill-understood. What is clear is that /zantanta/ appears twice in historical passages there, of which only §23 is comprehended so far: zi/a-tà-pa-wa/i-tax CRUS.CRUS EQUUS(ANIMA)-ti pa+ra/i-zax-tax-wa/i-ni(URBS) “TERRA”-kwa/i+ra/i INFRA?-tax-tax (“PES2”)pa-zi/a-tax, probably meaning ‘And then they passed down? (along?/into?) the land of Parzanta with a procession (of) horses’ vel sim.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
Provided the phonological interpretation for this lexeme is correct, it constitutes an adverbial formation in /-(a)nta/, similar to HLuw. /apparanta/ ‘afterwards’ (see under lemma), which are cognate with Hittite formations in -anda, e.g. kattanda ‘downwards, along’ (Oshiro 1986a:81 and EDHIL:463).
[AH.B.]
1.2 Cuneiform Luwian
zantanta
‘down (?)’1.2.1Transmission
This lexeme is found in a ritual fragment, published in transliteration by Sasseville 2021b.
[D.S.]
1.2.2Forms
|
indecl. |
za-an-ta-an-t[a? |
Privat 40 iii 3 |
(CTH 770, N/A) |
1.2.3Graphic Features
There is no available photo of the fragment. The reading relies entirely on the autography of Güterbock kept in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.
[D.S.]
1.2.4Meaning
Despite the fragmentary state of the context, Sasseville 2021b:177 equates zantanta with HLuw. INFRA-tá-ta /zantanta/, which is persuasive, although it cannot yet be supported independently.
[D.S.]
For the lemma head see Luw. /zanta/.