/sur(i)-/, (CORNU+RA/I)su+ra/i-
‘abundance’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst
- ID
- 826
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/sur(i)-/, (CORNU+RA/I)su+ra/i-
‘abundance’1.1.1Transmission
Attested five times, this lexeme can be found in two inscriptions from Cilicia and Karkamiš. The texts date to the 8th and 7th centuries BCE.
[AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom. sg. | /suris/ | (“CORNU+RA/I”)su+ra/i-sa | KARATEPE 1 Hu., §6 (Cilicia) |
| (CORNU+RA/I)su+ra/i-sá | KARATEPE 1 Hu., §36 (Cilicia) | ||
| acc. sg. | /surin/ | CORNU+RA/I-na | CEKKE inscr. 2, rev. §25 (Karkamiš) |
| CEKKE inscr. 2, rev. §26 (Karkamiš) | |||
| CEKKE inscr. 2, rev. §27 (Karkamiš) |
For both KARATEPE attestations, Weeden 2011a:73 reads the determinative as 〈CORNU〉, not 〈CORNU+RA/I〉.
[AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of the word can be regarded as reasonably certain based on its syllabic spelling. Use of the logogram CORNU (*108) for a determiner has prompted some scholars to attempt linking /sur(i)-/ to what is now read as /zurni/ ‘horns’ (attested as 〈(“CORNU”)zú+ra/i-ni〉 in ASSUR letter f+g, §36) for phonological (Weeden 2011a:73) and etymological (EDHIL:446) reasons, neither of which can be sustained in light of recent scholarship (e.g. Oettinger 2017a:601).
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
As HLuw. /sur(i)-/ translates Phoenician šbꜤ ‘plenty, satiation’ in the KARATEPE bilingual, the meaning of the word has long been clear. This interpretation is also borne out by the evidence from CEKKE, and more recently the noun has been connected to the adjective /su-/ ‘complete, full’ (Weeden 2011a:73).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
A common gender noun, /sur(i)-/ is connected to the adjective /su-/ ‘complete, full’ by Weeden 2011a:73. Although none of the relevant forms are attested, it is highly likely that the noun shows i-mutation.
An unconvincing etymological connection to the word for ‘horn’ is suggested in EDHIL:446.
[AH.B.]
1.1.6Derivatives
For the derivational base see HLuw. /su-/.