līla-^(ti)

So far, the verb is found only in the songs of the men of Lallupiya from the Ištanuwa festival texts (from MS onwards).

[E.R.]

2sg. impv. act.(?)	li-i-la	KUB 25.37 ii 37’	(CTH 771, NS)
3pl. impv. act.	[l]i-la-an-du	KUB 32.13, 7’	(CTH 771, MS)
	li-la-an-du	KUB 32.13, 10’	(CTH 771, MS)
	li-i-la-an-⸢du⸣	KBo 20.56 obv. 6’	(CTH 771, MS)

An alternative analysis for li-i-la at KUB 25.37 ii 37’ as dat./loc. sg. of a common gender a-stem is recorded under līla-. – Alleged li-la-im-m[i(-) at KBo 29.82 iv 8 (in Hittite transmission) reads šar-la-im-m[i(-), instead; cf. Oettinger 1979a:382.

[E.R.]

Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.

[E.R.]

The semantic interpretation relies on the attestations of Hitt. lelā(i)- and Luw. lilā(i)- in Hittite transmission and is generally accepted; cf. Oettinger 1979a:381f., CLL:127, Lehrman 1998a:158, Rieken 2005b:69, HED L:78f., EDHIL:524, Sasseville 2021a:27f., DCL:s.v.; DLL:63 still without translation).

[E.R.]

Kloekhorst (EDHIL:524) distinguishes the Hittite and Luwian verbs forms according to the vocalism of the reduplication syllable, -ē- and -ī-, respectively, which conforms with the phonological shape of the verb in Luwian context. In contrast, Sasseville 2021a:27f. advocates a different distinction assuming two independent denominative verbs deriving līla- c. ‘pacification, soothing’, i.e. līla-^(ti) treated in this lemma and CLuw. lila(i)-^(di). Taking into account the different sets of endings identified by Sasseville, the ē∼ī variation in Luw. līla-^(ti) in Hittite transmission must find a different explanation, for which see under that lemma (contra EDHIL:524).

[E.R.]

The attestations that feature Luwian endings or gloss wedge marking occur in purification and pacification rituals.

[E.R.]

3pl. pres. act.	li-i-la-an-ti	KUB 46.38 ii 24’	(CTH 495, NS)
	li-la-an-t[i]	KUB 17.32 i 19’	(CTH 495, NS)
3pl. pres. act. (Hitt.)	li-la-an-zi	KUB 30.27 obv. 10’	(CTH 451, NS)
3sg. impv. act.	le-e-la-ad-d[u]	KUB 41.19 obv. 12	(CTH 780, NS)

Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.

[E.R.]

The translation ‘to soothe’ for the Hittite -ske/a- imperfective stem lileške/a- was first suggested by Götze 1950c:357. More specifically, CHD(L-N:58) described the basic meaning of the verb as “to remove anger, hostility, or pain, which impedes proper functioning.” In a similar vein, Otten’s (Otten 1958a:1443) translation ‘entsühnen (?)’ focused on the expiation guilt. The semantic interpretation is generally accepted; cf., e.g. HW:358, 387, 401, van Brock 1964a:141f., Oettinger 1979a:381f., Starke 1982b:363, HEG L:57f., CLL:127, HED L:78f., Lehrman 1998a:158, HHw:94, Ünal 2007a:402, EDHIL:523, DCL:s.v. For contexts, see CHD L-N:57f. and HED L:78f.

[E.R.]

Until recently, the verbal stems līla-^(ti) and lilā(i)-^(mi) attested in Hittite texts were not distinguished. However, not only has Sasseville 2021a:28 pointed out that Cuneiform Luwian possesses two verbal stem līla-^(ti) and lilā(i)-^(di), but also Kloekhorst (EDHIL:523) posited two different stems with e and i vocalism in the reduplication syllable, assigning the former to Hittite, the latter to Luwian. The distinction, while possible, hinges on a single attestation of plene spelled e (le-e-la-ad-d[u] at KUB 41.19 obv. 12), which seems to point to a Hittite origin of that form. The rest has ambiguous li/e-la-°. Unfortunately for Kloekhorst’s hypothesis, le-e-la-ad-d[u] features stem final -a- in combination with an unlenited ending. Thus, the ending of the form suits better the Luwian stem līla-^(ti) than Hittite lilā(i)-^(mi).

As submitted by Rieken 2017:21, the apparently contradictory evidence can best be explained by a contact-induced change i > e of the type advocated by Yakubovich 2010b:326-333, who assumes that, in analogy with inherited pairs of lexemes with Hitt. e corresponding to Luw. i, several lexemes were hypercorrectly adapted to the Hittite phonology. Thus, puristic scribes (or native speakers) sporadically introduced the prestigious pronunciation and spelling of e to the nominal stem līla- and its derived verbs. Accordingly, we may assume two stems: CLuw. līla-^(ti) (with the Hittitized variant lēla-^(ti)) and a Hittitized stem or Hittite-internal derivative lilā(i)-^(mi) built from the Luwian borrowing līla-.

[E.R.]

On account of the forms marked with Luwian ending and the one with gloss wedges, it was always acknowledged that Luwian possessed a verbal stem that is cognate with līla- c. ‘pacification(?), soothing(?)’ and that it is represented also in Hittite context (DLL:63, Otten 1958a:143, HW:401, Oettinger 1979a:381f., CLL:127, HED L:79, van den Hout 2006a:244, 249, EDHIL:523f., Sasseville 2021a:89, DCL:s.v.).

[E.R.]

For the lemma head see CLuw. līla-.