/kattun(i)-/, (“*314”)ka-tú-na-
‘weapon’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst
- ID
- 3779
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/kattun(i)-/, (“*314”)ka-tú-na-
‘weapon’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested twice in an inscription from Karkamiš, dating from the late 9th or early 10th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| gen. sg. | /kattunas(a)/ | (“*314”)ka-tú-na-sa | KARKAMIŠ A6, §14 (Karkamiš) |
| acc. pl. | /kattuninzi/ | (“*314”)ka-tú-ni-zi | KARKAMIŠ A6, §15 (Karkamiš) |
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this word appears reasonably certain. The word may be related to CLuw. kattawatnalla/i- ‘opposing’ (Melchert pers. comm., see also CLL:103) and Hittite kattawātar ‘vengeance’ (see HEG I-K:545). Importantly, Morpurgo Davies 1986a:132 points out the relationship with /katt(i)-/ ‘hostility (?)’.
The sign *314 is found as a logographic determinative with a number of other words from the semantic domain around force (positive e.g. in /hazziwid-/ ‘rite’ and negative e.g. in /kappilalla/i-/ ‘enemy’), but its actual meaning has remained unclear to this day (Yakubovich 2002a:205, and cf. the remarks by Morpurgo Davies 1986a:132).
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning is proposed on contextual and morphological grounds. Thus, Morpurgo Davies 1986a:131-133, 140-142 (followed by Yakubovich 2002a:205) suggests that the passage in KARKAMIŠ A6, §§14-17 lays out the careers for different people, with some going down the military path and others the civilian path, and that the present noun means ‘fighting, weapon’ vel sim. based on the comparison with CLuw. kattawatnalla/i- ‘vengeful’. KARKAMIŠ A6, §15 runs: i-zi-i-sa-ta+ra/i-wa/i-ma-za zi-la (“*314”)ka-tú-ni-zi (MANUS)i-sà-tara/i-i (“PONERE”)tú-wa/i-há. approx. /izzistri=wa=mmanz zila kattuninzi istri tuwahha/, meaning ‘(Those who are of weapons,) for them I put weapons into (their) hands with honour’ (cf. Morpurgo Davies 1982-1983a:264 n 42). The next two clauses repeat the same structure, but replace /kattun(i)-/ ‘weapon’ with /tarpuna-/ ‘(a kind of toy)’ (followed by Hawkins & Morpurgo Davies 1986a:79f. and Morpurgo Davies 1986a:130f.). Further textual data may result in a refinement of the assigned semantics.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
Morpurgo Davies 1986a:140 suggests that the word is built on the infinitive */kattuna/ (followed by Marazzi 1990b:385), just like the word /tarpuna-/ in the following clauses in KARKAMIŠ A6. However, Yakubovich 2002a:205 rightly notes that while both words are common gender, /kattun(i)-/ clearly undergoes i-mutation, whereas /tarpuna-/ does not. Assuming the same morphological structure for both is hence ruled out. Considering that the clearly de-infinitival formation /adun(i)-/ ‘provisions’ (to /ad-/ ‘to eat’) shows i-mutation, this path appears likely for the present word, but not /tarpuna-/ despite the parallel syntactic structure of its attestation.
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head, see HLuw. /katt(i)-/.