/hilamm(a)-/, PORTA-mi
‘court(yard) (?)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, n.
- ID
- 3684
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/hilamm(a)-/, PORTA-mi
‘court(yard) (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested six times in inscriptions from Emirgazi, dating from to the 13th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| dat./loc. sg. | /hilammi/ | PORTA-mi | EMİRGAZİ 1B, §23 (Emirgazi) |
| EMİRGAZİ 1C, §23 (Emirgazi) | |||
| EMİRGAZİ 1A, §18 (Emirgazi) | |||
| EMİRGAZİ 1B, §18 (Emirgazi) | |||
| EMİRGAZİ 1C, §18 (Emirgazi) | |||
| PORTA[-mi] | EMİRGAZİ 1A, §23 (Emirgazi) |
The transcription of the sign MI is aligned with what the underlying form is presumed to be, and in the dat./loc. sg. of the noun, /-mi/ likely represents the stem and ending (pace Hawkins 1995a:88, but considered possible by Hawkins 1995a:98).
However, the attestations found at §18 of EMİRGAZİ 1A, B, and C may be either nouns like at §23, or they are genitival adjectives and should be read 〈PORTA.MI〉 for /hilammassa/i-/ vel sim.; the context is indecisive, since 〈PORTA-mi/MI REGIO-ní-i(a)〉 could translate as ‘in the court(yard) in the area’ or as ‘in the area of the court(yard)’.
[A.P.] [AH.B.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this word has undergone change, as the forms listed above used to be considered part of the paradigm of HLuw. /hilan-/ ‘gate’, cf. e.g. Hawkins 1995a:88f., 96-98.Hawkins 1995a:98 draws a tentative connection to CLuw. āštummant- ‘gate’ (for which cf. also DCL:45). In fact, /hilan-/ ‘gate’ constitutes the only other word to make use of the logogram PORTA (sign *237), and taking the presence of the sign MI as the stem with ending, the word easily connects to the more likely cognates around Hittite ḫilammar ‘gate-house; palace complex, market’ and LÚḫilammi- ‘cult servant(s)’ (HW 2nd ed. H:586-592).
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The meaning first assigned to the present lexeme was ‘gate’ because it was thought to belong to the paradigm of /hilan-/ ‘gate’. However, provided the interpretation as /hilamma-/ is correct, a related, yet different meaning seems indicated. Yakubovich 2017e:s.v. suggests ‘court(yard)’, which is possible alongside the denotations of the Hittite cognate, viz. ‘gate-house; palace complex, market’, although the HLuw. contexts cannot be used to prove any of them decisively. EMİRGAZİ 1B, §23 reads: a-wa/i PORTA-mi DARE, approx. /a=wa hilammi piyattu/, meaning ‘He (scil. the cult master) shall give (the cult objects) to the gate house/court(?)’ (cf. Hawkins 1995a:88f.).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The noun is likely a neuter gender, even though this is not evident from the attested forms. However, the morphology of the word probably mirrors that of its Hittite cognate ḫilammar ‘gate-house; palace complex, market’, also a neuter. Thus, it can be analysed as an earlier heteroclitic r/n-stem with paradigmatic levelling in favour of the weak stem and subsequent assimilation (cf. Melchert 2003b:198).
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head, see HLuw. */hal-/.