/hattast(ar)r(i)-/
‘piercing/striking action’
- Language
- Common Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, c.
- ID
- 3600
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/hattast(ar)r(i)-/, (“*314”)ha-ta6-sá-tara/i-
‘violence’1.1.1Transmission
This hapax is attested in a single inscription from Tell Ahmar dating to the late 10th or early 9th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| abl./instr. | /hattast(ar)radi/ | (“*314”)ha-ta6-sá-tara/i-ti | TELL AHMAR 1, §12 (Tell Ahmar) |
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this noun is fairly secure, because of how transparent its morphology is. It belongs to the family around HLuw. /hatta-/ ‘to ruin’ and is built with a well-known suffix, see the discussion of the stem below. Moreover, the word has a direct cognate in CLuw. ḫattašt(ar)r(i)- ‘violence, terror’ (see below), which shows that the stem appears to change between /hattastr(i)-/ and /hattastarr(i)-/.
For a determinative, the logographic sign *314 is used, which also occurs with other words involving violence, cf. Hawkins 2000a:242.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
First left untranslated as a hapax,Thus e.g. Meriggi in HHG:56. the meaning of this word can now be deemed clear and was first suggested by Hawkins 1980a:142, 149. He shed further light on the reading of the individual signs and, as a result, was able to adduce the cognate CLuw. ḫattašt(ar)r(i)- ‘violence, terror’. His interpretation has been followed since. The only context of attestation at TELL AHMAR 1, §12 runs: *a-pa-s[a]-wa/i (“LIGNUM”)sà-la-ha-za (“*314”)ha-ta6-sá-tara/i-ti SUPER+ra/i-a CAPERE-ta, approx. /abas=wa salhan=za hattastarradi sarra latta/, meaning ‘(Because his kinsmen despised him,) he took over his greatness with violence’ (cf. also Hawkins 2000a:240).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
A common gender noun, the word represents an abstract and likely derives from an adjective such as */hatta-/, see already Neumann 1965b:82, followed by Melchert 1993f:109 incl. n. 10 and Melchert 2003b:196, cf. also Starke 1990a:389-393.
[AH.B.]
1.2 Cuneiform Luwian
ḫattašta(r)r(i)-
‘piercing/striking action’1.2.1Transmission
All attestations come from NS fragments of rituals from the Kuwattalla tradition.
[E.R.]
1.2.2Forms
| acc. sg. | ḫ[a-a]t-ta-aš-ta-ri-in | KUB 35.43 ii 18 | (CTH 761, NS) |
| [ḫa-at-ta-aš-ta]-⸢ri-in⸣ | KUB 35.43 iii 23’’ | (CTH 761, NS) | |
| [ḫa-at-ta-aš-ta]r-ri-in | KUB 35.42, 7’ | (CTH 761, NS) | |
| [ḫa-at-ta-aš]-⸢tar-ri⸣-[in] | KUB 35.71 ii 9 | (CTH 759, MS) | |
| [ḫa-at-ta-a]š-tar-ri-in | KUB 32.14, 5’ | (CTH 761, NS) |
1.2.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.
[E.R.]
1.2.3.1Phonological Interpretation
For the cluster /str/, which emerged by the epenthesis of /t/, see Melchert 1994a:249 and 272, Melchert 2002e:300f., and Melchert 2003b:196, building on Neumann 1965b.
[E.R.]
1.2.4Meaning
The only informative context deals with the magical “taking away” of evils, viz. “leftness” and “evil ḫattasta(r)r(i)-”. Laroche 1958a:102ff. recognized that, in a Hittite parallel ([n]u=tta=kkan idālu ḫatugatar dāš “it took away from you the evil terror”, KUB 9.4 ii 19-21f.; cf. also KUB 9.34 iii 5’f.), the “evil terror” matches attuwalin ḫattašta(r)rin (rejected semantically and formally by Starke 1990a:390f.). In view of the multitude of divergent lists of evils, the equation need not be exact and is perhaps also influenced by the assonance of the respective initial syllables ḫat- and ḫatt-. However, it is clear that ḫattašta(r)r(i)- denotes something evil and that it is derived from ḫatta- ‘piercing, striking’ by means of the suffix -šta(r)r(i)- for common gender abstract nouns (thus CLL:65, contra Starke 1990a:391-393), hence the translation ‘piercing/striking action’ chosen here (but see also Starke 1990a:389 ‘Gewalt’, followed in HHw:47, CLL:65 ‘violence, terror’, Hawkins 2000a:357 ‘frightfulness’; no translation in DLL:44).
[E.R.]
1.2.5Stem
For the derivation from ḫatta- ‘piercing, striking’ with the denominative suffix -šta(r)r(i)- for common gender abstract nouns, see under Meaning.
[E.R.]
For the lemma head see CLuw. *ḫatt-.