/antaH(i)-/, á-ta-ha-
‘the inside(s), entrails (?)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, c.
- ID
- 3447
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/antaH(i)-/, á-ta-ha-
‘the inside(s), entrails (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested four times in inscriptions from Tabal, dating to the 8th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| acc. pl. c. | /antaHinzi/ | á-ta-[...]-í-zì | KAYSERİ, §12 (Tabal) |
| poss. adj. nom. pl. c. | /antaHassinzi/ | á-ta-ha-si-zí | KULULU 5, §11 (Tabal) |
| á-ta-ha-si-zi | SULTANHAN, §33a (Tabal) | ||
| á-ta-há-s[i-zi] | KAYSERİ, §12 (Tabal) |
For the string 〈á-ta-[...]-í-zì〉 in KAYSERİ, §12, Hawkins 2000a:474 tentatively proposes an attribution to HLuw. /antatt(i)-/ ‘interior’; the lacuna offers space for approx. one sign. While such an interpretation is possible, the word is more likely to belong to the present lexeme because of the context, in which is probably constitutes a partitive apposition, cf. the discussion of the meaning below.
[AH.B.] [A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this lexeme is somewhat provisional. It rests on the assumption that the present word is etymologically linked to /anta/ ‘in(to)’, cf. the discussion of the stem below. The pre-consonantal /n/ of the first syllable is omitted in accordance with HLuw. orthographical conventions, cf. e.g. Melchert 2003b:182. Only the shape of the possessive adjective suffix /-assa/i-/ is without doubt, since it occurs in many other lexemes as well.
It should be noted that the beginning of the present lexeme is consistently spelt with 〈á〉 (sign *19), a choice that may perhaps cast doubt on the connection with /anta/ ‘in(to)’ and related words, since 〈a〉 (*450) is used much more frequently there, although 〈á〉 does occur here and there.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The semantic interpretation of this word has seen a number of different proposals from scholars. Bossert 1944a:230 first connected it to Hittite antuḫša- ‘human being’, but later (Bossert 1950-1951a:276) reassessed it as meaning ‘infernal’ (“unterirdisch”, maintained in Bossert 1957b:169 and Bossert 1960c:430, and followed by Kalaç 1986a:362), which Hawkins 2000a:470f. deems possible albeit unsupported, tentatively comparing Hittite antaka/i- ‘chamber’ instead.
The current interpretation (Yakubovich 2017e:s.v.) takes up Bossert’s idea again, resting on the proposed etymological link with /anta/ ‘in(to)’ combined with the contextual evidence from the curse formulae this word is used in. Thus e.g. SULTANHAN, §33a: á-ta-ha-si-zi-pa-wa/i-na DEUS-ni-i-zi ARHA á-tà-tu-u, approx. /antaHassinzi=ba=wa=an massaninzi ahha adantu/, meaning ‘The gods of the entrails (?) shall eat him up!’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:466). The other contexts construct the direct object in a partitive apposition, e.g. KULULU 5, §11: á-ta-ha-si-zí-pa-wa/i-na DEUS-ni-zi za+ra/i-za ARHA a+ra/i-tu, approx. /antaHassinzi=ba=wa=an massininzi zar=za ahha adantu/, which translates as ‘May the gods of the entrails (?) eat him, (his) heart, up!’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:486).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The morphological structure of the word is not fully transparent. The only part that can be deemed clear is the /-assa/i-/ suffix of the possessive adjective derived from the noun. The analysis of the noun stem rests on the assumed link with /anta/ ‘in(to)’, and one view regards it as a possible compound of the adverbs /anta/ ‘in(to)’ and /ahha/ ‘away’ (Yakubovich pers. comm.), substantivised and meaning ‘the from-inside, the inside out’ vel sim. Alternatively, the adverb /anta/ may have been derived with the nominal common gender suffix /-ah(i)-/ also seen in /harmah(i)-/ ‘head’ (cf. Oettinger 2004c:402, Sasseville 2021a:213f.), meaning ‘the inside(s)’.
[AH.B.]