=dãν
‘with, from (?)’
- Language
- Lydian
- Grammar
- adv
- ID
- 3446
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Lydian
=dãν
‘with, from (?)’1.1.1Transmission
The form is attested twice in two mutually interconnected inscriptions found in the precinct of Artemis in Sardis.
[I.Y.]
1.1.2Forms
| indecl. | =dãν | LW 23.6 (Sardis) | |
| LW 24.4 (Sardis) |
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The spelling amudãν in LW 23.6, LW 24.4 apparently reflects the ability of dãν to attach to the preceding personal pronoun, forming one phonetic word with it in non-Wackernagel position. Strictly speaking, one could consider the relevant forms as belonging to the lemma dãν, splitting instead amu into stressed and proclitic forms. Here instead =dãν is treated as an enclitic that is capable of retracting stress upon itself, as evident from vowel nasalization. The lexicographic decision made here, albeit somewhat artificial, accommodates the general tendency of Lydian to use enclitics rather than proclitics.
[I.Y.]
1.1.4Meaning
The arguments advanced in Melchert 1997a:35-38 for the the grammatical function of dãν as a postposition also apply to =dãν. In particular, one should note the parallelism between the coordinated phrases amu fadifil and amu=dãν faḳ[.]ṇal in LW 24.4-5. Unfortunately, the precise meaning of =dãν is hard to establish by combinatory methods due to the overall difficulty of interpreting the clauses where it occurs, but in must have been similar to the meaning of the stressed dãν. Perhaps the locative postposition could function as a rough equivalent of Lat. apud, Fr. chez with animate complements, indicating the location in someone’s sphere of influence. The translation ‘from’ is preferred in Melchert 1997a.
[I.Y.]
For the lemma head, see Lyd. dãν.