/alan(na)-/, á-lá/í-na-
‘enmity (?)’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, n.
- ID
- 3209
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/alan(na)-/, á-lá/í-na-
‘enmity (?)’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested twice in inscriptions from Tell Ahmar and Tabal, dating to the late 10th or 9th and the 8th century BCE, respectively.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| nom./acc. pl. | /alan(n)a/ | á-lá/í-na | TELL AHMAR 2, §20 (Tell Ahmar) |
| a+ra/i-na | KULULU 5, §4 (Tabal) |
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The HLuw. attestations for this word leave some room for interpretation regarding its actual phonological shape, cf. also the discussion of the stem below. It is likely that the word belongs to the family around /aliwann(i)-, alunn(i)-/ ‘enemy, envious person’, even if there are no attestations for more typical spellings beginning with 〈(a)li-wa/i-, a-la/i/u-, a-la/i-wa/i-〉 as is the case for other cognates. However, TELL AHMAR 6 twice features a similar spelling with 〈*a-la/i-〉.Blevins (apud Yakubovich 2008b:14) suggests that these vowels had merged after the flap /ɾ/, which represents earlier intervocalic /r, l, d/ in HLuw. at some point. If the etymological relationship should be correct, the most likely interpretation is /alanna-/.
As it occurs between vowels, the /l/ undergoes rhotacisation in KULULU 5, §4, a common feature in this later stage of the language, cf. e.g. Melchert 2003b:179-182.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
On the basis of the contexts of attestation in curse formulae, Hawkins 2000a:486 hypothesises that the word must denote a negative condition, but refrains from assigning any more detailed meaning for the lack of cognates known at the time. Thus KULULU 5, §4 runs: za-ti-za-pa DOMUS-na-zá kwa/i-sá a+ra/i-na CUM-ni i-zi-i-ri+i, approx. /zattiyanz=ba parnanz kwis alan(n)a anni izzidi/, translating as ‘He who enacts enmity? towards these houses’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:485).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
A neuter gender noun, the stem of this word is not entirely clear from the attested spellings. If the word represents a substantivisation of the adjective */aliwanna/i-/, which also provides the basis for the common gender noun /aliwann(i)-, alunn(i)/ ‘enemy, envious person’, it should have the form /alanna-/. If, however, the morphological structure is different and the word derives from another base, it may also have the shape /alan(a)-/, see Rieken & Yakubovich 2022a:275 who consider several possibilities without reaching a decision. Further evidence is needed.
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head see HLuw. */ala/i-/.