/appariwisanti/, POST+ra/i-wa/i-sà-ti
‘afterwards’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- adv
- ID
- 3098
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/appariwisanti/, POST+ra/i-wa/i-sà-ti
‘afterwards’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested three times in two inscriptions from Karkamiš, dating to the 10th or early 9th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| indecl. | /appariwisanti/ | POST+ra/i-wa/i-sà | KARKAMIŠ A11a, §21 (Karkamiš) |
| POST+ra/i-wa/i-sà-ti | KARKAMIŠ A2+3, §13 (Karkamiš) | ||
| *a-POST+ra/i-wa/i-sà-ti | KARKAMIŠ A2+3, §18 (Karkamiš) |
KARKAMIŠ A11a, §21 omits the final syllable and should be emended to 〈POST+ra/i-wa/i-sà〈-ti〉〉.
Contra Hawkins 2000a:96, 109f. there is no reason to regard the sign 〈+ra/i〉 after POST as a phonetic indicator 〈+RA/I〉, instead it is part of the syllabic rendition of the word, and the transliteration has been changed accordingly.
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this word was achieved by Rieken 2010b:654, after Hawkins 2000a:111 had noted that the first part of the word must be /appara/i-/. Following Rieken, the ambiguous sign 〈wa/i〉 very likely represents /wi/ here and thereby causes the following sibilant to become palatalised, resulting in the choice of 〈sà〉 instead of one of the other SA signs.
A reading as /apparawisanti/ is equally possible, but has no further implications on the morphological structure of the word.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
Even though the morphology of the word remained in the dark for a considerable time, the meaning was clear to scholars from the contexts of attestation. Thus, the beginning of the first curse formula in KARKAMIŠ A2+3, §13 runs: POST+ra/i-wa/i-sà-ti-pa-wa/i kwa/i-sa za-a-ia DEUS.DOMUS(-)ha-tà a-tá (*261)ta-pa-i, approx. /apparawisanti=ba=wa kwi zaya …-hada tabai/, meaning ‘(he) who blocks in (i.e. barricades?) these temples afterwards, (whether he be a king or …)’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:109, 111). The meaning assignment is supported by the new assessment of the morphology made possible by the phonological interpretation as /appariwisanti/: a compound of the adjective /appara/i-/ ‘lesser, future’ and an old participle of the verb /wis(a)i-(di)/ ‘to emerge’, resulting in a literal meaning ‘later emerging’.
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
The word is a compound of the adjective /appara/i-/ ‘lesser, future’ and an old nt-participle of the verb attested in HLuw. as /wis(a)i-(di)/ ‘to emerge’, though likely from a differently formed verbal stem.
[AH.B.]