/uppa(n)n(i)-/, (SCALPRUM.CAPERE2)u-pa-ní-
‘trophy, spoils’
- Language
- Hieroglyphic Luwian
- Grammar
- subst, c.
- ID
- 2213
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/uppa(n)n(i)-/, (SCALPRUM.CAPERE2)u-pa-ní-
‘trophy, spoils’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested three times in inscriptions from Karkamiš, dating from the 10th to the early 9th century BCE.
[A.P.]
1.1.2Forms
| acc. sg. | /uppa(n)nin/ | (SCALPRUM.CAPERE2)u-pa-ní-i-na | KARKAMIŠ A1a, §7 (Karkamiš) |
| (SCALPRUM.CAPERE2)u-pa-ní-na | KARKAMIŠ A1a, §10 (Karkamiš) | ||
| acc. pl. | /uppa(n)ninzi/ | (SCALPRUM.CAPERE2)u-pa-ní-zi | KARKAMIŠ A11b+c, §13 (Karkamiš) |
[A.P.]
1.1.3Graphic Features
1.1.3.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of this word is secure. It is closely related to the verb /uppa-(i)/ ‘to bring, send’ and thereby to the CLuw. cognates around uppa-(i) ‘to bring, send’ (cf. CLL:242). Based purely on its syllabic spelling, the word might also be linked to /uba-(i)/ ‘to found, grant’, but the choice of logograms for the determinative suggests differently, because CAPERE2 (sign *43) is used with /uppa-(i)/ ‘to bring, send’, see e.g. Payne 2017c:109.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Meaning
The interpretation as ‘trophy’ was first suggested by Hawkins 2000a:106. Earlier,Hawkins 1972a:109 had assumed that it denoted some kind of stone object, e.g. an altar,The use of the logogram SCALPRUM had led Laroche 1960c:30 to the outdated suggestion ‘foundation (?)’. a connotation that was picked up by Melchert 2004a:372 incl. n. 2, who suggested ‘spoils’, since these were often statues or stelae.
The meaning can be observed at KARKAMIŠ A11b+c, §13: *a-wa/i-ta (SCALPRUM.CAPERE2)u-pa-ní-zi a-tá (“CAPERE2”)u-pa-ha, approx. /a=wa=tta uppa(n)ninzi anta uppahha/, meaning ‘(And I devastated those areas), brought in the trophies, (and I came up glorified from that area / those areas)’ (cf. Hawkins 2000a:103 and Melchert 2019c:572).
[AH.B.]
1.1.5Stem
A common gender, this noun shows i-mutation in its inflection. For the derivational history, two different pathways are possible. First, the noun may have the shape /uppan(i)-/ and derive from the attested verb /uppa-(i)/ ‘to bring, send’ by way of the thematic suffix /-na-/, which is subject to i-mutation. Second, its shape may be /uppann(i)-/, implying that the derivational base was the verb */uppanna-(i)/ ‘to send’, which is attested in CLuw. (cf. Sasseville 2021a:516f.).
[AH.B.]
For the lemma head see HLuw. /uppa-(i)/.