/hwinuwa-(i)/
‘to cause to walk/run’
- Language
- Common Luwian
- Class
- Derivative
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 2087
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Hieroglyphic Luwian
/hwinu(wa)-(i)/, hwa/i-nu-wa/i-
‘to make run (?)’1.1.1Transmission
Attested twice in the HLuw. corpus, this lexeme can be found on inscriptions from Aleppo and Tell Ahmar. Both date to the early Iron Age in the 11th and 10th centuries BCE.
[AH.B.]
1.1.2Forms
| 1sg. pres. act. | /hwinuwi/ | hwa/i-i(a)-nú-wa/i | ALEPPO 7, §9 (Aleppo) |
| 3sg. pret. act. | /hwinuwatta/ | hwa/i-nu-wa/i-tá | TELL AHMAR 5, §4 (Tell Ahmar) |
1.1.2.1Phonological Interpretation
The phonological interpretation of the present lexeme can be taken as certain. It belongs to the word family around /hwiya-(i)/ ‘to walk, run’, which is well-attested in HLuw. and also has ample cognates in the other Anatolian languages, see under lemma HLuw. /hwiya-(i)/ ´to walk, run´. Furthermore, a similar formation can be found within the CLuw. corpus, see CLL:82.
[AH.B.]
1.1.3Meaning
The verb is clearly derived from the verb /hwiya-(i)/ ‘to walk, run’, suggesting a similar meaning for it, cf. Hawkins 2000a:233 and Sasseville 2021a:465f. As deverbal formations with the suffix /-nu(wa)-(i)/ usually have causative meaning, it is reasonable to assume that the present lexeme follows the same path. Still, it should be borne in mind that the available HLuw. contexts are not sufficiently clear to prove or disprove this hypothesis.
[AH.B.]
1.1.4Stem
Derived from the simplex verb /hwiya-(i)/, the present lexeme constitutes a regular derivation with the suffix /-nu(wa)-/ (Sasseville 2021a:465f.).
[AH.B.]
1.2 Cuneiform Luwian
ḫuinuwa-(i)
‘to cause to walk/run’1.2.1Transmission
All attestations of the verb are found in texts of the Kuwattalla tradition (MS and NS).
[E.R.]
1.2.2Forms
| 1sg. pret. ind. act. | ḫu-i-nu-wa-aḫ-ḫ[a] | KUB 35.20 obv. 6’, 7’ | (CTH 761, MS) |
| [ḫu]-⸢i⸣-nu-wa-aḫ-ḫa! | KUB 35.42, 6’ | (CTH 761, NS) | |
| ḫu-⸢i⸣-[n]u-wa-aḫ-ḫa | KBo 29.55 + KUB 35.43 ii 16 | (CTH 761, NS) | |
| [ḫu-i-nu-wa-aḫ]-ḫa | KUB 34.62, 4’ | (CTH 761, NS) | |
| ḫu-u-i-nu-wa-aḫ-ḫa | KUB 35.43 ii 17 | (CTH 761, NS) |
1.2.3Graphic Features
Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv. – Reading at KBo 29.55 + KUB 35.43 ii 16 follows Mouton, Puértolas Rubio & Yakubovich (pers. comm.). – Mouton, Puértolas Rubio & Yakubovich (pers. comm.) also suggest a reading [ḫu-]i-nu!(MU)-u-wa[-aḫ-ḫa] at KUB 35.56 rev. iii 20’ filling part of the lacuna at KUB 35.43 iii 21’’ (see also the restoration in Starke 1985b:146). – For restoration at KUB 34.62, 4’, see Starke 1985b:149.
[E.R.]
1.2.4Meaning
Rosenkranz 1952a:22 listed ḫuinu- together with ḫuiya- ‘to hurry’, but it was Otten 1953a:101 who first explicitly noted the correspondence between CLuw. ḫuinuwa-(i) and Hitt. ḫuinu-(mi) ‘to cause to run’, although he was not yet able to confirm the meaning of the Luwian word contextually. In the meantime, the surrounding lexemes have been semantically elucidated so that the final proof comes from stereotype passages with local adverbial expressions ‘to the left’ and ‘to the right’, e.g.: i-pa-la-a-ti-du-wa-an ḫu-i[-n]u-wa-aḫ-ḫa a-du-ut-ta i-pa-la-a-ti-en la-at-ta i-šar-ú-i-la-t[i-p]a-du-wa-an ḫu-u-i-nu-wa-aḫ-ḫa a-du-ut-ta at-tu-wa-li-in ḫ[a-a]t-ta-aš-ta-ri-in la-at-ta (KBo 29.55 + KUB 35.43 ii 16-18) “I let it (scil. a sheep) run to the left of him, and it took off from him the sinisterness, but I let it run to the right, and it took off from him the evil violence.” Accordingly, the interpretation has entered the handbooks; cf. DLL:46, HW:424, HEG A-K:321, CLL:82, HED H:422, HHw:s.v., HW 2nd ed. Ḫ:653, Sasseville 2021a:465f.
[E.R.]
1.2.5Stem
The derivational analysis as the verb ‘to run’ plus the transitivizing/causative suffix -nuwa-(i), which led to the semantic interpretation in the first place, is recognized in most of the secondary literature listed under Meaning and, moreover, in Melchert 1999a:243.
[E.R.]
For the lemma head, see CLuw. ḫuiya-(i).