xruwata-

This lexeme is found in two dedicatory inscriptions from Xanthos, one of which (N 311) can be dated to the reign of Arbinas (beginning of the 4^th c. BCE) as well as on a sarcophagus that can be dated to the Persian satrap Autophradates and the involvement of Arttum̃para in Lycia (first half of the 4^th c. BCE).

[D.S.]

nom./acc. coll.	xruwata	N 311.1 (Xanthos)
		N 312.6 (Xanthos)
	[xr]uwata	TL 40d.1 (Xanthos)

Following the discovery of the inscriptions N 311 and N 312, it became clear that xruwata- refers to some kind of offering (Laroche 1979c:78 n. 5, 7). In N 312, which is a Lycian-Greek bilingual inscription, xruwata is rendered with Greek ἀγαθηι τυχηι… ἀνεθηκεν ‘he set up for (his) good fortune’ (see Bousquet 1992a:191, Neumann 2004b:233). Therefore, xruwata can be literally translated as ‘thank offerings’ (Germ. Dankopfer). In TL 40, it is the Persian satrap Autophradates who hands over these xruwata to Payawa as a sign of gratitude for helping the Persians. However, the word is mostly translated with ‘(votive) offering’ or ‘gift’ (cf. DLL:85, Gehrisch 2018a:180, Schürr 2006a:131, Schürr 2018b:87), which sums it up, although the element of gratitude should not be neglected. For a summary of outdated literature, see Neumann 2007a:132f.

[D.S.]

The word is so far only attested in the collective. It is a derivative of xruwe/i-, which is itself derived from xra-^(di) ‘to offer (as compensation)’.

[D.S.]

For the derivational base, see Lyc. A xruwe/i-.