ñtuweriha-

This lexeme is found on the inscribed pillar of Xanthos, dated contextually to shortly after the ascension of Artaxerxes II in 405-404 BCE and stylistically to around 400 BCE (Borchhardt & Eichner 1997-1999a:19f.).

[D.S.]

dat./loc. pl.

ñtuweriha

TL 44b.57 (Xanthos)

Contra Neumann 2007a:253f., there is no genitival adjective in **-ihe/i-.

[D.S.]

The grammatical role of the substantive ñtuweriha has been debated in the literature. On the one hand, it has been taken as a dative/locative plural of an a-stem, i.e. ñtuweriha- c., which would be coordinated with dat./loc. pl. zxxaza ‘warriors’ (Melchert 2002c:250):

              se=dewẽ : zxxaza : se=ñtuweriha : ade

              ‘He made a gift for the warriors and the ñtuweriha.’

On the other hand, it has been taken as a nom./acc. pl. n. of a stem ñtuwerihe- n. and treated as the direct object (DLL:46).

              se=dewẽ : zxxaza : se=ñtuweriha : ade

              ‘He made a gift and ñtuweriha for the warriors.’

Valério 2015a:337 adopts the first option and argues that ñtuweriha is etymologically related to the Hittite root warr- ‘to help’ and HLuw. /warriya-⁽ⁱ⁾/ ‘id.’. It would consist of a univerbation of ñte and weriha- (+ coloring of e > u beside w, i.e. ñtuweriha), which is supported both by the Hittite (or Luwian) construction anda warrissa-⁽ⁱ⁾ ‘to come to the aid’ and the Lydian cognate ẽtwerš(i)- c. ‘help, assistance’. As a translation, he suggests that Lyc. ñtuweriha refers to the auxiliary troops, which is entirely plausible on contextual grounds. If correct, ñtuweriha would probably reflect an action noun derived from the verbal formation in -i-h-^(ti) (equating to Hitt. -i-šša-), i.e. ñtuweriha- c. ‘aid, assistance’, which was then applied to people, i.e. ‘auxiliary’. For further evidence on the word *ñtuweri- from the onomastic material, see Valério ibid.

[D.S.]

For the lemma head see PAnat. *u̯órh₁-/u̯r̥h^­₁-´⁽ⁱ⁾.