ẽnwaλa-

This lexeme is attested once in the text of an official agreement found in the precinct of Artemis in Sardis that cannot be dated accurately.

[I.Y.]

The noun occurs in the phrase kot=it cidaλmdaν ẽnwaλaλ ‘as for the ẽnwaλa- of the cidaλm-eans’. The reference is apparently made to the party that has concluded an agreement in the past, with either the Sardians or the Mermnads, which provides a standard of comparison for the agreement LW 22 (Yakubovich 2017b). Since the phrase under discussion is unlikely to contain both dat.-loc. sg and dat.-loc. pl without coordination, the form cidaλmdaν most likely stands in gen. pl. Going a step further, one can hypothesize that it designates a group of people of which ẽnwaλa- is the representative who assumed responsibility for the agreement.  

This contextual analysis is compatible with the comparison between Lyd. ẽnwaλa- and Hitt. annawali-, annauli- ‘co-ranked, peer’, which is also attested in heterographic transmission as ^LÚMEḪRI. For the likely semantic development in Lydian, cf. the evolution of Engl. peer into a title. In fact, the title Š[A] KUR URU ^LÚMEḪRI ‘a peer of the realm’ is attested in KBo iv 14 iii 68 (HED A:64).     

[I.Y.]

The title ẽnwaλa- is interpreted here as a formal derivative of the Lydian adposition e͂n, although this derivation could be Proto-Anatolian in origin (cf. annawali-). For the suffixes -la- and -l(i)- in Lydian, see Sasseville 2014-2015a:117f. As stressed in Yakubovich 2010b:380 and Rieken & Sasseville 2014a:307, the second part of Hitt./Luw. anna-wali- must be considered together with Luw. aya-wala- ‘(a representative of the king)’.

[I.Y.]

For an etymological approach, see under Stem.

[I.Y.]