laxa-
‘campaign’
- Language
- Lycian B
- Grammar
- subst, c.
- ID
- 741
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Lycian B
laxa-
‘campaign’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested on the inscribed pillar of Xanthos dated contextually to shortly after the ascension of Artaxerxes II in 405-404 BCE., and stylistically around 400 BCE. (Borchhardt & Eichner 1997-1999a:19f.).
[D.S.]
1.1.2Forms
| abl./instr. | laxadi | TL 44c.53 (Xanthos) | |
| TL 44c.58-59 (Xanthos) |
Contra DLL:11 and Schürr 2016d:174, the word ulaxadi belongs to a different lexeme (thus also Shevoroshkin 2014a:235).
[D.S.]
1.1.3Meaning
König 1936a:127f. equates Lyc. B laxadi with Hitt. laḫḫiye/a-(mi) ‘to go on an expedition, to attack’ and translates it likewise as a verb meaning ‘to attack’, which, however, does not take the syntax into account (contra EDHIL:510). Neumann 1961a:51 recognizes rightly the nominal character of the Lycian B word and equates it with Hitt. lāḫḫa- ‘military campaign’, assigning the same semantics (followed by Hajnal 1995a:158 n. 166, Shevoroshkin 2014a:235). The semantic assignment based on the etymological method is supported contextually, since the ablative laxadi would refer to the same time frame as Gergis hunting in TL 44c.58-59; see under Lemma qidr(e)i-(di).
kibe=uwe=neu : psseje : qidridi : laxadi : zirẽple
‘Or doesn’t he hunt during a campaign for the psseje zirẽple?’
[D.S.]
1.2 Hittite
lāḫḫ(a)-
‘military, campaign’1.2.1Literature / Comments
CHD L-N:4-6
2. Reconstruction
2.1Reconstruction ‘campaign’
Regarding the nominal formation of Hitt. lāḫḫ(a)- c. ‘military campaign’, Kloekhorst (EDHIL:510) points out rightly that it is not clear whether we are dealing with an a-stem or a root noun. The Lycian noun laxa- is clearly an a-stem (< *-eh2-), although this may be a secondary transfer from a root noun to an a-stem, which is not uncommon in Lycian. Melchert 2012c:177 reconstructs, based solely on Hitt. lāḫḫ(a)-, a tómos-type, i.e. *lóh2-o-, which is, however, contradicted by the Lycian data. In sum, one can either reconstruct an abstract noun in *-eh2-, or simply a root noun, i.e. *lÉH(-eh2)-. For a survey of the literature including various etymological proposals see HEG L-M:8-11.
[D.S.]
For the lemma head see PAnat. *lEH-/*lEH-i̯e/o-.