xupd(e)i-^(di)

This lexeme is attested on the Xanthos stele, which was inscribed shortly after the ascension of Artaxerxes II in 405-404 BCE.

[D.S.]

3sg. pres. impv. act.

xupdidu

TL 44d.69 (Xanthos)

Korolev & Shevoroshkin 1969a:525 regard xup[..] (TL 44d.25) as another form of this verb, which is possible, but unprovable due to the obscurity of both the context and the semantics of the verb xupd(e)i-^(di).

[D.S.]

Korolev & Shevoroshkin 1969a:525 separate xupdidu into xupdi and du, but do not provide any argument for why this would be preferable. Therefore, their separation is not accepted.

[D.S.]

The context in which the imperative form xupdidu appears is obscure. Shevoroshkin 2012a:466 assumes an etymological connection with Hitt. ḫuppā(i)-^(mi) ‘to pile up’ and suggests the meaning ‘to gather (people for a feast)’. However, the basic meaning of the Hittite root ḫupp- is ‘to throw’ (Melchert 2007e). Moreover, his semantic assignment cannot be supported contextually; cf. DLL:136, Neumann 2007a:140f.

[D.S.]

The verbal form xupdidu with the d-suffix, i.e. xup-d-i-du, is clearly denominative and must belong to a verbal stem in -(e)i-^(di). The derivational base of xupd(e)i-^(di) is perhaps *xup-id- with syncope of the suffix vowel (Shevoroshkin 2012a:466).

[D.S.]

Meriggi 1936b:275 suggests a derivative of xupa- c. ‘grave’, which is possible, but untenable. Shevoroshkin 2012a:466 argues for an etymological connection with Hitt. ḫuppā(i)-^(mi) ‘to pile up’ and CLuw. ḫuppa- ‘?’, which is phonologically possible, but cannot be proven due to the unknown meaning of the Lycian B verb.

[D.S.]