*k^u̯or-éi̯e-

Attested in Luwian rituals (NS).

[Zs.S.]

2nd sg. imp.	ku-ú-ri	KBo 13.260 i 34’	(CTH 766, NS)
		VBoT 60 i 7’	(CTH 770, NS)

Attestations following CLL:112 (misprinted as “VBoT 60 i 4 (?)”), cf. also Laroche 1959a:57, checked against the photographs of the Konkordanz.

Although HED K:215 still claims that its relation to the verb kuwar- / kur- ‘to cut, to break^?’ (see s.v.) is uncertain, Starke 1981a:149 n. 28 has already correctly underlined that this form and the Glossenkeilwort kurāimmīš (see s.v.) point to a distinct verb kur(a)i-, which is now generally followed (CLL:112; EDHIL:487; Tischler 2008a:94 [not yet separating them in HEG A-K:608, not included in Tischler 2016a]).

[Zs.S.]

CLL:112 cautiously assumes ‘to cut into slices’ or similar, Tischler 2008a:94 and EDHIL:487 assume the same meaning without doubt (not included in Tischler 2016a and Ünal 2016a:949–977). However, Starke 1981a:149 n. 28 proposes more generally ‘to cut’. The meaning cannot be established based only on these attestations (cf. Laroche 1959a:57), since the contexts are fragmentary and obscure:

KBo 13.260 i 33’-35’ (Starke 1985b:260):

^(33’) [   ^D]˹LAMMA˺-ia-an ^(34’) [   ]x-wa ku-ú-ri ^(35’) [   ]^DLAMMA-ia-˹aš˺

VBoT 60 i 6’-7’ (Starke 1985b:378):

|^(6’) a-wa-ti-aš-ta an-na-li-x[   ]ḫar-ra-an-ta [   ] ^(7’) a-wa-ti ku-ú-ri a-u-wa[(-)   ]x x[   ] a-wa-mu a-da[-   ]|

Thus, the meaning can be based only on the formal similarity with the verb kuwar- / kur- ‘to cut’ (see s.v.) and on the Glossenkeilwort kurāimmīš specifying a bread-type, which looks like a participle of kūri- and thus may mean ‘cut into pieces vel sim.’ (see s.v. for a discussion). All in all, the suggested meaning ‘to cut into slices, pieces vel sim.’ is plausible, even if it is not assured.

[Zs.S.]

This form is attested only once in a NS fragment of (festival) rituals from Kizzuwatna (now listed as CTH 500 in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv).

[A.B.]

part. nom. sg. c.

ku-ra-a-im-mi-i-iš

KUB 51.27 obv. i 7

CTH 500, NS

The attestation follows CLL:112, HEG A–K:647, HED K:215, EDHIL:563 (but without gloss marker), cf. Starke 1990a:486 n. 1780, van den Hout 2007a:250 and Kloekhorst 2014b:423 (not yet inLaroche 1959a). The transliteration has been checked against the photo of the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.

[A.B.]

Starke 1990a:486 connects this form with a verb kūri-, cf. above under the lemma Cluw. kūri- / *kurāi- ‘to cut into slices, pieces (?)’ (cf. also CLL:112 and EDHIL:563).

The form ku-ra-a-im-mi-i-iš appears in a list of bread types. The context shows the following (the transliteration is based on the photo of the Mainzer Fotoarchiv, and the hand copy as well as transliteration and restorations of Groddek 2004c:45 have been taken into account):

(6)[1 ninda.gu]r4.ra ba.ba.za em-ṣa ša up-ni 1 ninda.gur4.ra [ku7 ...] (7)1 ninda.gu]r4.ra ku-ra-a-im-mi-i-iš up-ni 2 up-nu x[...]

(6)[1 thick brea]d of sour mashed barley of (the amount / weight of) a handful, 1 thick bread [sweet …] (7)[1 thick bre]ad (of?) ku-ra-a-im-mi-i-iš of (the amount / weight of) a handful, 2 hands full x[…]

The context shows that ku-ra-a-im-mi-i-iš specifies a certain kind of bread, for ninda.gur4.ra, cf. Weeden 2011b:593, who considers the meaning ‘pot(shaped) bread’, ‘oven-bread’ or ‘thick bread’. It seems probable to assume a meaning ‘sliced bread’ (cf. HED K:215). But there are alternative possibilities:

In the preceding line, the same pattern (but written entirely in Sumero- and Akkadograms) shows that the bread is specified by the basic or additional ingredient ba.ba.za em-ṣa ‘sour mashed barley’, followed by the Akkadographic measure unit up-ni ‘handful’ (cf. Weeden 2011b:635). The Akkadographic genitive construction ša up-ni may either refer to the amount of ingredients or to the size of the bread, it is not clear which. In line 7’ only the measure unit appears as an Akkadogram and without ša (possibly because of the different graphematic rendering), but up-ni again implies a genitive case here (‘of a handful of’). Hence, there are two theoretical possibilities to understand ku-ra-a-im-mi-i-iš, depending on the precise meaning: a) preceding line: “1 thick bread (made) of a handful of smashed sour barley” and accordingly in the following line: “1 thick bread (made) of a handful of kurāimmī-” or b) preceding line: ‘1 handful-sized thick bread (made) of smashed sour barley” and accordingly in the following line: “1 handful-sized thick bread (made) of kurāimmī-” or: “1 handful-sized kurāimmī-thick bread”. Thus, ku-ra-a-im-mi-i-iš refers either to the ingredients or the “style” of the bread (cf. Hagenbuchner-Dresel 2002a:35f.) or to the production of the bread, cf. also the lemma luwammi- that may mean ‘poured’ (or sim.).

Either way, kurāimmī- may be connected to the Luwian verb kūri- / *kurāi- ‘to cut into slices, pieces (?)’ if it is a participle of that verb, see below under Origin.

[A.B.]

The Luwian status of this Glossenkeilwort is commonly accepted, cf. CLL:112, Starke 1990a:486, HEG A–K:647, HED K:215 (“Luwoid Hittite nom.sg.c.”), EDHIL:563, Kloekhorst 2014b:423, and the list of Luwianisms by van den Hout 2007a:250 (but not in that by Melchert 2005a).Starke 1990a: 486 n. 1780 pointed out that the Luwian origin of this word is indicated by the Luwian participle suffix -mma/i- (followed by HED K:215). If this analysis is correct, it is very probable, that we are dealing with a participle of the Luwian verb kūri- / *kurāi-. The analysis, however, depends on the exact meaning of kurāimmī-.

[A.B.]