zxxa-(ti)
‘to fight’
- Language
- Lycian A
- Class
- Derivative
- Grammar
- verb
- ID
- 433
1. Individual Anatolian Languages
1.1 Lycian A
zxxa-(ti)
‘to fight’1.1.1Transmission
This lexeme is attested on the pillar of Xanthos, which was inscribed shortly after the ascension of Artaxerxes II in 405-404 BCE.
[D.S.]
1.1.2Forms
| 3pl. pres. ind. act. | zxxãte | TL 44c.3 (Xanthos) |
| inf. | zxxãna | TL 44a.54 (Xanthos) |
1.1.3Meaning ‘to fight, wage war’
Based on the military context, Torp 1898b:40 and Bugge 1898a:235 translate the verb zxxa- as ‘to defeat’ (followed by Meriggi 1937a:508, Shevoroshkin 1969a:262). Carruba 1978b:170 connects etymologically Hitt. zaḫḫāi- c. ‘battle’ to Lyc. zxxa- (likewise Pedersen 1945a:32) and suggests to meaning ‘to wage war, battle’ (likewise Lebrun 1990a:161). Melchert 1993e:31f. provides a persuasive translation and a commentary of the passage surrounding TL 44c.3 and translates zxxa- as ‘to fight’ and brings further support by identifying the preposition trbbi ‘against’ occurring with the verb (followed by DLL:89, Neumann 2007a:434).
[D.S.]
1.1.4Stem
Melchert 2015c:161 interprets the verb zxxa-(ti) ‘to fight’ as a factitive verb in *-eh2- derived from the non-attested action noun *zxxa- ‘fight, battle’ (followed by Sasseville 2015a:288).
[D.S.]
For the base of the derivation see Proto-Luwic *zahhā-.