ḫalwam(ma)n-

The noun is attested in two NS fragments of ritual texts, viz. CTH 433 “Ritual for the protective deity of the hunting bag”, and CTH 717 “Ritual and hymn to Ištar”.

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Checked against the photographs in the Mainzer Fotoarchiv.

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Götze 1933a:262 was the first scholar to assume that the putative stem †ḫalwammar denotes a positive emotion and tentatively suggested ‘enthusiasm’ (cautiously followed in HW:48 [referring to Otten brieflich], Rosenkranz 1964a:245f., Starke 1990a:476). Since then, scholars have proposed similar notions like ‘excitement’ (CLL:49, DCL:58), ‘eagerness, zeal, élan, enthusiasm (vel sim.)’ (HED H:52; similar Kronasser 1966a:320, Archi 1977a:305, 308), ‘happy laughter’ (Otten apud HW:439, HEG A-K:138, Güterbock 1983a:156, HHw:37, HW 2nd ed. Ḫ:92); cf. also Ünal 2007a:154. These translations are based on the parallelism of two clauses in KUB 24.7 i 16’-19’ containing ḫalwamnaz ‘with ḫ.’ and duskarattazza ‘with joy’, respectively, and contrasting them with pittuliya- ‘fear’ (ibid. i 26’). Likewise, KBo 12.96 i 10’f. uses ḫalwamnaz with a positive connotation parallel to Ì-it ‘with oil’: ^UZUḫuhurta(n)=ma=za=kan ḫalwamnaz šuwanza eš “be filled with ḫ. with regard to throat!” (see HED H:52 and HW 2nd ed. Ḫ:92 for the contexts). That ḫalwam(ma)n- is located in the throat (as opposed to the mouth), points to a verbal or at least audible expression of joy, i.e. either ‘laughter’ or ‘cheering, rejoicing’. Both are compatible with the context of “performing ḫalwatiya-,” which, in similar fashion, is used to reinforce an act of cheering and rejoicing (i.e. playing the galgalturi- instrument).

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Most dictionaries treat ḫalwamnaz as the ablative form of a Hittite stem in -mmar/-mn-; cf., e.g., HW:439, Kronasser 1966a:320 (denominal), HEG A-K:138, Weitenberg 1984a:156 (denominal?), 285, HHw:37, HED H:52 (denominal), HW 2nd ed. Ḫ:88f., Ünal 2007a:154). In contrast, Starke proposes an inner Luwian derivation, viz. from a verbal stem *ḫalwa- augmented with a deverbal affix -m(ma)n-. According to him, ḫalwamnaz is the ablative of ḫalwamna- c., a thematized stem based on borrowed Luw. ḫalwam(ma)n- (followed in CLL:49 and DCL:58). Since it is confirmed by the other Luwian members of the word family and a fully coherent scenario, it can be regarded as highly probable.

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The form ḫalwamnaz is widely regarded as the abl. sg. of the Hittite *ḫalwammar (see under Stem), but Starke 1990a:475-477 points out that the entire word family displays Luwian features that indicate a Luwian origin (see under ḫalwati(ya)-).

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*This lemma was written in collaboration with Marcello Koraicho.

For the lemma head see Luw. *ḫalwa-.